{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2989281316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssd.2019.8893192","title":"Multimodal Approach for Inattentive Driver Detection","display_name":"Multimodal Approach for Inattentive Driver Detection","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2989281316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssd.2019.8893192","mag":"2989281316"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssd.2019.8893192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssd.2019.8893192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 16th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals &amp; Devices (SSD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102317456","display_name":"Ibrahim Al-Naimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153921779","display_name":"Philadelphia University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mqvn149","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153921779"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Al-Naimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechatronics Engineering Department, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechatronics Engineering Department, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153921779"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074744155","display_name":"Saed Mami","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saed Mami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010089698","display_name":"Mohammad Sandoukah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Sandoukah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105724915","display_name":"Elias Sideras Haddad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elias Haddad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17867254,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"467","last_page":"472"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9674000144004822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12006","display_name":"Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders","score":0.9635000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distraction","display_name":"Distraction","score":0.8521497249603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6475429534912109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5766432285308838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-driver-assistance-systems","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","score":0.45780113339424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3604481816291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34632885456085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32227015495300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.08237776160240173}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776378700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030775","display_name":"Distraction","level":2,"score":0.8521497249603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6475429534912109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5766432285308838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.45780113339424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3604481816291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34632885456085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32227015495300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08237776160240173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssd.2019.8893192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssd.2019.8893192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 16th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals &amp; Devices (SSD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495816349","https://openalex.org/W1506560185","https://openalex.org/W1585406901","https://openalex.org/W1935313881","https://openalex.org/W1965464424","https://openalex.org/W1975640241","https://openalex.org/W1980832965","https://openalex.org/W2002968613","https://openalex.org/W2025623975","https://openalex.org/W2120598715","https://openalex.org/W2199441453","https://openalex.org/W2774445955","https://openalex.org/W2802132828","https://openalex.org/W6629673351"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984342691","https://openalex.org/W2470048815","https://openalex.org/W2324884046","https://openalex.org/W641612223","https://openalex.org/W2906771794","https://openalex.org/W2028203774","https://openalex.org/W2174716869","https://openalex.org/W4205873045","https://openalex.org/W2080126316","https://openalex.org/W2901013762"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Safety":[0],"on":[1,34,106],"the":[2,7,28,35,72,77,100,107,125,131,134],"road":[3,36],"is":[4,113],"one":[5],"of":[6,80,133],"most":[8],"vital":[9],"issues":[10],"that":[11,37,90],"considered":[12],"during":[13],"automobile":[14],"design":[15],"process.":[16],"Research":[17],"concern":[18],"has":[19,51],"been":[20,52],"directed":[21],"toward":[22],"developing":[23],"different":[24],"approaches":[25],"to":[26,56,70,121,137],"reduce":[27],"car":[29],"accidents":[30],"resulting":[31],"from":[32],"inattentiveness":[33],"may":[38],"cause":[39],"serious":[40],"injuries":[41],"and":[42,54,64,84,102,115,123,142],"death.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"paper,":[46],"an":[47],"in-car":[48],"multimodal":[49],"approach":[50,136],"developed":[53],"implemented":[55,114],"accurately":[57],"detect":[58,76,138],"inattentive":[59,94,139],"drivers.":[60],"Image":[61],"processing":[62],"techniques":[63],"vehicle":[65],"based":[66],"measures":[67],"are":[68,119],"used":[69],"monitor":[71],"driver":[73],"visual":[74],"state,":[75],"driver's":[78],"signs":[79],"fatigue":[81],"and/or":[82],"distraction,":[83],"take":[85],"adequate":[86],"actions.":[87],"Three":[88],"variables":[89],"indicate":[91],"drowsy":[92],"or":[93],"driving":[95],"were":[96],"measured;":[97],"eye":[98],"closure,":[99],"force,":[101],"sharp":[103],"turns":[104],"performed":[105],"steering":[108],"wheel.":[109],"A":[110],"proof-of-concept":[111],"prototype":[112],"several":[116],"case":[117],"studies":[118],"conducted":[120],"test":[122],"validate":[124],"proposed":[126,135],"approach.":[127],"These":[128],"cases":[129],"verified":[130],"ability":[132],"drivers":[140],"correctly":[141],"accurately.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
