{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206997198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9660130","title":"Slopewise Aggregate Approximation SAX: keeping the trend of a time series","display_name":"Slopewise Aggregate Approximation SAX: keeping the trend of a time series","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206997198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9660130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9660130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9660130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604921","display_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020724277","display_name":"Lamprini Pappa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7634-1707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lamprini Pappa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058278718","display_name":"Petros Karvelis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0483-4868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petros Karvelis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022376997","display_name":"George Georgoulas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9701-4203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Georgoulas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009967164","display_name":"Chrysostomos Stylios","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2888-6515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135709","display_name":"Industrial Systems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02sy6k521","country_code":"GR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135709"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chrysostomos Stylios","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Systems Institute, Athena Research Center, Patras, Greece","University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Systems Institute, Athena Research Center, Patras, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135709"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020724277"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0322,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82941572,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"01","last_page":"08"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9753000140190125,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.7151551842689514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretization","display_name":"Discretization","score":0.6767997741699219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6234747171401978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.623197078704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piecewise","display_name":"Piecewise","score":0.5603666305541992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.526383638381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.49164706468582153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/approximation-algorithm","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","score":0.4875297248363495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.43369966745376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4324280321598053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schema","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","score":0.42415016889572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.38500720262527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2942836880683899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.259951114654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.25730717182159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.08375447988510132}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.7151551842689514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73000952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007827","display_name":"Discretization","level":2,"score":0.6767997741699219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6234747171401978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.623197078704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164660894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037833","display_name":"Piecewise","level":2,"score":0.5603666305541992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.526383638381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.49164706468582153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4875297248363495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.43369966745376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4324280321598053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52146309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431116","display_name":"Schema (genetic algorithms)","level":2,"score":0.42415016889572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.38500720262527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2942836880683899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.259951114654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.25730717182159424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.08375447988510132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9660130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9660130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604921","display_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W63509411","https://openalex.org/W134960717","https://openalex.org/W201289342","https://openalex.org/W1657572668","https://openalex.org/W1850276463","https://openalex.org/W1977852640","https://openalex.org/W1978843608","https://openalex.org/W2016944175","https://openalex.org/W2022086727","https://openalex.org/W2066796814","https://openalex.org/W2077720176","https://openalex.org/W2078631608","https://openalex.org/W2103730486","https://openalex.org/W2105510466","https://openalex.org/W2139945520","https://openalex.org/W2142441937","https://openalex.org/W2161621125","https://openalex.org/W2164274563","https://openalex.org/W2177132097","https://openalex.org/W2182591763","https://openalex.org/W2340025709","https://openalex.org/W2588739811","https://openalex.org/W2883780440","https://openalex.org/W2989586136","https://openalex.org/W3092614501","https://openalex.org/W3102097628","https://openalex.org/W3120421128","https://openalex.org/W4242702158","https://openalex.org/W4252353710","https://openalex.org/W4288361496","https://openalex.org/W6685829316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995622179","https://openalex.org/W1484111231","https://openalex.org/W1552543208","https://openalex.org/W2074396517","https://openalex.org/W2166963679","https://openalex.org/W2187269125","https://openalex.org/W1641615907","https://openalex.org/W3089231081","https://openalex.org/W2093956241","https://openalex.org/W2354420595"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"the":[5,14,31,39,51,56,62,69,72,82,86,107],"Slopewise":[6,19],"Aggregate":[7,16,20,33],"Approximation":[8,21,34],"(SAA),":[9],"an":[10],"innovative":[11],"variation":[12],"of":[13,55],"Piecewise":[15],"Approximation.":[17],"The":[18,103],"(SAA)":[22],"is":[23,74],"used":[24],"as":[25],"a":[26,42,77,93,98,120],"novel":[27],"core":[28],"step":[29],"for":[30,97],"Symbolic":[32],"method.":[35],"SAA":[36],"efficiently":[37],"describes":[38],"trend":[40],"at":[41],"time":[43,57],"series":[44,58],"signal":[45],"since":[46],"it":[47],"incorporates":[48],"information":[49],"regarding":[50],"shape":[52],"and":[53,81,91,118],"fluctuation":[54],"while":[59],"simultaneously":[60],"achieving":[61],"problem's":[63],"dimensionality":[64],"reduction.":[65],"Then,":[66],"by":[67,106],"applying":[68],"discretization":[70],"technique,":[71],"problem":[73],"transformed":[75],"into":[76],"symbolic":[78],"space":[79],"problem,":[80],"Intelligent":[83],"Icons":[84],"are":[85,110],"features":[87],"that":[88],"come":[89],"out":[90],"feed":[92],"Near":[94],"Neighbour":[95],"classifier":[96],"Human":[99],"Activity":[100],"Recognition":[101],"problem.":[102],"results":[104],"achieved":[105],"proposed":[108],"method":[109],"directly":[111],"compared":[112],"to":[113],"two":[114],"relevant":[115],"past":[116],"implementations":[117],"exhibit":[119],"considerable":[121],"increase":[122],"in":[123],"classification":[124],"metrics.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
