{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4207083769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9659987","title":"Deep Convolutional Neural Networks with Transfer Learning for Waterline Detection in Mussel Farms","display_name":"Deep Convolutional Neural Networks with Transfer Learning for Waterline Detection in Mussel Farms","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4207083769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9659987"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9659987","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9659987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604921","display_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059192795","display_name":"Alistair John McLeay","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alistair John McLeay","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068692402","display_name":"Abigail McGhie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abigail McGhie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024218679","display_name":"Dana K. Briscoe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8891-9294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62912653","display_name":"Cawthron Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03sffqe64","country_code":"NZ","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62912653"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dana Briscoe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62912653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076701363","display_name":"Ying Bi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-6067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077569089","display_name":"Bing Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4865-8026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036911408","display_name":"Ross Vennell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6961-9977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62912653","display_name":"Cawthron Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03sffqe64","country_code":"NZ","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62912653"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ross Vennell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62912653"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400217","display_name":"Jun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7835-9871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41156924","display_name":"Victoria University of Wellington","ror":"https://ror.org/0040r6f76","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengjie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059192795"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41156924"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6344,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91482391,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"01","last_page":"08"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10302","display_name":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","score":0.9697999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.95660001039505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waterline","display_name":"Waterline","score":0.9120811223983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7757877111434937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mussel","display_name":"Mussel","score":0.7419034242630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buoy","display_name":"Buoy","score":0.6632760763168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.623760998249054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5992826819419861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5980284214019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.48722997307777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4321174621582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4108950197696686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.38917219638824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3701033592224121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-engineering","display_name":"Marine engineering","score":0.2599208354949951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2373022735118866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fishery","display_name":"Fishery","score":0.1725062131881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1447174847126007}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161064598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492878","display_name":"Waterline","level":3,"score":0.9120811223983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7757877111434937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779987062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13042834","display_name":"Mussel","level":2,"score":0.7419034242630005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779847632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30026","display_name":"Buoy","level":2,"score":0.6632760763168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.623760998249054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5992826819419861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5980284214019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.48722997307777405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4321174621582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4108950197696686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.38917219638824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3701033592224121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.2599208354949951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2373022735118866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.1725062131881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1447174847126007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37423430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6750281","display_name":"Hull","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9659987","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci50451.2021.9659987","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604921","display_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1745334888","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2253728219","https://openalex.org/W2343420905","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2526070677","https://openalex.org/W2560023338","https://openalex.org/W2604319603","https://openalex.org/W2794284562","https://openalex.org/W2906976265","https://openalex.org/W2908446126","https://openalex.org/W2944345944","https://openalex.org/W2952217990","https://openalex.org/W2962914239","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2969199043","https://openalex.org/W2986661843","https://openalex.org/W2991471181","https://openalex.org/W2998784361","https://openalex.org/W3007282815","https://openalex.org/W3082320395","https://openalex.org/W3128386658","https://openalex.org/W4237313096","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6770178899"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379011754","https://openalex.org/W2365167425","https://openalex.org/W4391104268","https://openalex.org/W4280642997","https://openalex.org/W2354506996","https://openalex.org/W3207050742","https://openalex.org/W2991603254","https://openalex.org/W2370027508","https://openalex.org/W1999291542","https://openalex.org/W3114751564"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mussel":[0],"farming":[1,19],"is":[2,10,43,74,132],"a":[3,64,103,182,224,237],"major":[4],"export":[5],"for":[6,116,228],"New":[7,160],"Zealand":[8],"that":[9,51,165,194],"growing":[11],"fast.":[12],"A":[13],"number":[14,65],"of":[15,48,66,159,185,212,232,240],"tasks":[16],"in":[17,98,107,125,210],"mussel":[18,41,52,151,178],"can":[20,54,204],"be":[21,70],"replaced":[22],"by":[23,84,235],"using":[24],"intelligent":[25],"and":[26,34,80,88,129,187,217],"automatic":[27],"approaches":[28],"to":[29,44,69,135,145],"reduce":[30],"the":[31,46,86,92,126,138,149,156,166,195,229,244],"operational":[32],"cost":[33],"human":[35],"effort.":[36],"An":[37],"important":[38],"task":[39],"on":[40,57,177,201],"farms":[42],"track":[45],"position":[47],"buoys":[49],"so":[50],"farmers":[53],"adjust":[55],"them":[56],"time.":[58],"To":[59,95],"make":[60],"this":[61,99],"process":[62],"automatic,":[63],"problems":[67],"need":[68],"solved.":[71],"Waterline":[72],"detection":[73,83,105,169,234],"one":[75],"necessary":[76],"step":[77,231],"towards":[78],"effective":[79,173],"efficient":[81],"buoy":[82,233],"separating":[85],"water":[87],"non-water":[89,241],"regions":[90],"from":[91,148,155,243],"large":[93,238,245],"images.":[94,246],"address":[96],"this,":[97],"paper,":[100],"we":[101],"develop":[102],"waterline":[104,168],"approach":[106],"which":[108],"different":[109,120],"convolutional":[110],"neural":[111],"networks":[112],"(CNN)":[113],"are":[114,123,143,171],"used":[115,124],"image":[117],"segmentation.":[118],"Two":[119],"loss":[121],"functions":[122],"CNN-based":[127,167],"methods":[128,142,170],"transfer":[130],"learning":[131],"also":[133,192,205],"investigated":[134],"further":[136],"improve":[137],"model":[139],"performance.":[140],"These":[141,219],"applied":[144],"detect":[146],"waterlines":[147,176],"real-world":[150],"farm":[152,179],"images":[153,180,203],"obtained":[154],"South":[157],"Island":[158],"Zealand.":[161],"The":[162,190],"results":[163,191,221],"show":[164,193],"very":[172],"at":[174],"detecting":[175],"with":[181,199],"wide":[183],"range":[184],"weather":[186],"lighting":[188],"conditions.":[189],"transferred":[196],"CNN":[197],"models":[198],"retraining":[200],"new":[202],"obtain":[206],"high":[207],"segmentation":[208],"performance":[209],"terms":[211],"F1":[213],"score,":[214],"accuracy,":[215],"precision,":[216],"recall.":[218],"promising":[220],"will":[222],"form":[223],"good":[225],"starting":[226],"point":[227],"next":[230],"removing":[236],"amount":[239],"pixels":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}