{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120741637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci47803.2020.9308404","title":"Taxonomy and Survey of Interpretable Machine Learning Method","display_name":"Taxonomy and Survey of Interpretable Machine Learning Method","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120741637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci47803.2020.9308404","mag":"3120741637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci47803.2020.9308404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci47803.2020.9308404","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101694872","display_name":"Saikat Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-8259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94658018","display_name":"University of Memphis","ror":"https://ror.org/01cq23130","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saikat Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103819914","display_name":"Namita Agarwal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94658018","display_name":"University of Memphis","ror":"https://ror.org/01cq23130","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Namita Agarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103421781","display_name":"Deepak Venugopal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7466-5417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94658018","display_name":"University of Memphis","ror":"https://ror.org/01cq23130","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepak Venugopal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019549865","display_name":"Frederick T. Sheldon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1241-2750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801652441","display_name":"North Idaho College","ror":"https://ror.org/02pgb5q90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801652441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederick T. Sheldon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Idaho, Coeur d\u2019Alene, ID, USA","Department of Computer Science, University of Idaho, Coeur d'Alene, ID, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Idaho, Coeur d\u2019Alene, ID, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801652441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Idaho, Coeur d'Alene, ID, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801652441","https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012148704","display_name":"Sajjan G. Shiva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3996-7484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94658018","display_name":"University of Memphis","ror":"https://ror.org/01cq23130","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajjan Shiva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94658018"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0833,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8339229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"670","last_page":"677"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8382835388183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.7055540680885315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6705766916275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6587181091308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.6290912628173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trustworthiness","display_name":"Trustworthiness","score":0.5962947010993958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-box","display_name":"Black box","score":0.5842412710189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.354669451713562}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8382835388183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7055540680885315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6705766916275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6587181091308594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6290912628173828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.5962947010993958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94966114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29256","display_name":"Black box","level":2,"score":0.5842412710189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.354669451713562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci47803.2020.9308404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci47803.2020.9308404","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1787224781","https://openalex.org/W2122672392","https://openalex.org/W2125847307","https://openalex.org/W2164878629","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2564414379","https://openalex.org/W2605409611","https://openalex.org/W2787070805","https://openalex.org/W2788403449","https://openalex.org/W2788730650","https://openalex.org/W2806874342","https://openalex.org/W2872172641","https://openalex.org/W2902900716","https://openalex.org/W2910149781","https://openalex.org/W2931858564","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2962862931","https://openalex.org/W2963276306","https://openalex.org/W2964060211","https://openalex.org/W2964088652","https://openalex.org/W2964142373","https://openalex.org/W2979590797","https://openalex.org/W2980102258","https://openalex.org/W3006579283","https://openalex.org/W3035517615","https://openalex.org/W3080798771","https://openalex.org/W3121410165","https://openalex.org/W4293507378","https://openalex.org/W4295313945","https://openalex.org/W6637404493","https://openalex.org/W6730804571","https://openalex.org/W6736518430","https://openalex.org/W6737947904","https://openalex.org/W6748281036","https://openalex.org/W6748744355","https://openalex.org/W6752336104","https://openalex.org/W6753441104","https://openalex.org/W6762483856","https://openalex.org/W6768890437","https://openalex.org/W6774270563"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076536433","https://openalex.org/W90316445","https://openalex.org/W4327743613","https://openalex.org/W2965447900","https://openalex.org/W3199750033","https://openalex.org/W2047881532","https://openalex.org/W2285795935","https://openalex.org/W2374509987","https://openalex.org/W3163373470","https://openalex.org/W4389072557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"traditional":[1],"machine":[2,37],"learning":[3,38],"(ML)":[4],"techniques":[5],"use":[6],"black-box":[7,22,91],"model,":[8],"the":[9,13,25,28,45,85,102,131],"internal":[10],"operation":[11],"of":[12,24,30,43,58,79,89,104,112,149],"classifier":[14],"is":[15,33,40,93,123,128],"unknown":[16],"to":[17,20,48,129],"human.":[18],"Due":[19],"this":[21,50,62],"nature":[23],"ML":[26,46],"classifier,":[27],"trustworthiness":[29],"their":[31,70],"predictions":[32],"sometimes":[34],"questionable.":[35],"Interpretable":[36],"(IML)":[39],"a":[41,54,76,90,110],"way":[42],"dissecting":[44],"classifiers":[47],"overcome":[49],"shortcoming":[51],"and":[52,69,100,107,136,142,155],"provide":[53],"more":[55,140],"reasoned":[56],"explanation":[57],"model":[59,92],"predictions.":[60],"In":[61],"paper,":[63],"we":[64,97],"explore":[65],"several":[66],"IML":[67,80,105,113,134],"methods":[68,81,106,114,135],"applications":[71],"in":[72,139],"various":[73],"domains.":[74],"Moreover,":[75],"detailed":[77],"survey":[78],"along":[82],"with":[83],"identifying":[84],"essential":[86],"building":[87,153],"blocks":[88,154],"presented":[94],"here.":[95],"Herein,":[96],"have":[98],"identified":[99],"described":[101],"requirements":[103,158],"for":[108,133,151],"completeness,":[109],"taxonomy":[111],"which":[115],"classifies":[116],"each":[117],"into":[118],"distinct":[119],"groupings":[120],"or":[121],"sub-categories,":[122],"proposed.":[124],"The":[125],"goal,":[126],"therefore,":[127],"describe":[130],"state-of-the-art":[132],"explain":[137],"those":[138,152],"concrete":[141],"understandable":[143],"ways":[144],"by":[145],"providing":[146],"better":[147],"basis":[148],"knowledge":[150],"our":[156],"associated":[157],"analysis.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}