{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2892320280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2018.8628705","title":"Facial Recognition with Encoded Local Projections","display_name":"Facial Recognition with Encoded Local Projections","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2892320280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2018.8628705","mag":"2892320280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci.2018.8628705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2018.8628705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038058614","display_name":"Dhruv Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9218-2515"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhruv Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanincal and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanincal and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103137516","display_name":"Sarim Zafar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8693-3244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarim Zafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanincal and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanincal and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028824188","display_name":"Morteza Babaie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6916-5941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morteza Babaie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kimia Lab, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kimia Lab, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038566332","display_name":"Hamid R. Tizhoosh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5488-601X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.R. Tizhoosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kimia Lab, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kimia Lab, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.106,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46055658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"1261","last_page":"1268"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7886295914649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.7756316661834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7658795118331909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6731360554695129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6028265357017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram-of-oriented-gradients","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","score":0.5174256563186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48209503293037415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-binary-patterns","display_name":"Local binary patterns","score":0.4816512167453766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4649241268634796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.46468356251716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4355519115924835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.41989487409591675}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7886295914649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.7756316661834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7658795118331909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6731360554695129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6028265357017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17426736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419918","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","level":4,"score":0.5174256563186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48209503293037415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87335442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2494345","display_name":"Local binary patterns","level":4,"score":0.4816512167453766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4649241268634796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.46468356251716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4355519115924835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.41989487409591675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci.2018.8628705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2018.8628705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1578352865","https://openalex.org/W1782590233","https://openalex.org/W1945705500","https://openalex.org/W2009824857","https://openalex.org/W2028880308","https://openalex.org/W2029978744","https://openalex.org/W2047186200","https://openalex.org/W2089441731","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2150514752","https://openalex.org/W2150735546","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2163808566","https://openalex.org/W2186417764","https://openalex.org/W2255494570","https://openalex.org/W2325939864","https://openalex.org/W2516455388","https://openalex.org/W2529590856","https://openalex.org/W2588393813","https://openalex.org/W2783278891","https://openalex.org/W2962868687","https://openalex.org/W2963234501","https://openalex.org/W2963327646","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6640822925","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6686553835","https://openalex.org/W6700903540","https://openalex.org/W6728356829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2581696209","https://openalex.org/W2020430625","https://openalex.org/W2044065526","https://openalex.org/W2955952267","https://openalex.org/W2058306460","https://openalex.org/W2076436625","https://openalex.org/W2083564146","https://openalex.org/W2542672976","https://openalex.org/W2148428954","https://openalex.org/W2049095871"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Encoded":[0],"Local":[1],"Projections":[2],"(ELP)":[3],"is":[4],"a":[5,20],"recently":[6],"introduced":[7],"dense":[8],"sampling":[9],"image":[10,90],"descriptor":[11,57,91],"which":[12],"uses":[13],"projections":[14],"in":[15,37,75,118],"small":[16],"neighbourhoods":[17],"to":[18,29,54],"construct":[19],"histogram/descriptor":[21],"for":[22,50,61],"the":[23,51,66,72,76,85,110,119],"entire":[24],"image.":[25],"ELP":[26,56,113],"has":[27],"shown":[28],"be":[30],"as":[31,33,58,95,97],"accurate":[32],"other":[34],"state-of-the-art":[35],"features":[36,60],"searching":[38],"medical":[39],"images":[40],"while":[41],"being":[42],"time":[43,53],"and":[44,64],"resource":[45],"efficient.":[46],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"attempts":[49],"first":[52],"utilize":[55],"primary":[59],"facial":[62],"recognition":[63],"compare":[65],"results":[67,111],"with":[68,103],"LBP":[69,117],"histogram":[70],"on":[71],"Labeled":[73],"Faces":[74],"Wild":[77],"dataset.":[78],"We":[79],"have":[80],"evaluated":[81],"descriptors":[82],"by":[83],"comparing":[84],"chi-squared":[86],"distance":[87],"of":[88,112],"each":[89,104],"versus":[92],"all":[93],"others":[94],"well":[96],"training":[98],"Support":[99],"Vector":[100],"Machines":[101],"(SVM)":[102],"feature":[105],"vector.":[106],"In":[107],"both":[108],"cases,":[109],"were":[114],"better":[115],"than":[116],"same":[120],"sub-image":[121],"configuration.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
