{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2246059991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2015.76","title":"Histogram-Based Fast Text Paragraph Image Detection","display_name":"Histogram-Based Fast Text Paragraph Image Detection","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2246059991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2015.76","mag":"2246059991"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci.2015.76","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2015.76","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103443890","display_name":"Devadeep Shyam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Devadeep Shyam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rapid-Rich Object Search (ROSE) Lab School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rapid-Rich Object Search (ROSE) Lab School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100322699","display_name":"Yan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4751-0708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rapid-Rich Object Search (ROSE) Lab School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rapid-Rich Object Search (ROSE) Lab School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080977911","display_name":"Alex C. Kot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6262-8125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex C. Kot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rapid-Rich Object Search (ROSE) Lab School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rapid-Rich Object Search (ROSE) Lab School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103443890"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3744,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70162018,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"473","last_page":"480"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.8191215991973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7510578632354736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6839641332626343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paragraph","display_name":"Paragraph","score":0.6096101999282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5753521919250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upload","display_name":"Upload","score":0.5068603157997131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5051618218421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.45011696219444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4365197718143463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4260062873363495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.423772394657135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.41711172461509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.38415199518203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15413475036621094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.8191215991973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7510578632354736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6839641332626343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777206241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194431","display_name":"Paragraph","level":2,"score":0.6096101999282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5753521919250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71901391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126699","display_name":"Upload","level":2,"score":0.5068603157997131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5051618218421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.45011696219444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4365197718143463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4260062873363495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.423772394657135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41711172461509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.38415199518203735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15413475036621094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ssci.2015.76","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ssci.2015.76","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495319514","https://openalex.org/W1497790312","https://openalex.org/W1545400060","https://openalex.org/W1827675484","https://openalex.org/W1988619868","https://openalex.org/W2006972917","https://openalex.org/W2016847844","https://openalex.org/W2083954025","https://openalex.org/W2107996860","https://openalex.org/W2118137541","https://openalex.org/W2133003941","https://openalex.org/W2139435234","https://openalex.org/W2142159465","https://openalex.org/W2148214126","https://openalex.org/W3000705115","https://openalex.org/W6629744232","https://openalex.org/W6677723693","https://openalex.org/W6681891177"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2377059580","https://openalex.org/W4200355488","https://openalex.org/W127000293","https://openalex.org/W3215892509","https://openalex.org/W2928616779","https://openalex.org/W2412592434","https://openalex.org/W4244602709","https://openalex.org/W594987446","https://openalex.org/W2012131063","https://openalex.org/W2010523086"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rumormongers":[0],"always":[1],"use":[2],"long":[3],"paragraphs":[4,126,174],"to":[5,29,70,104,120,142,154,170],"spread":[6],"slanderous":[7],"stories":[8],"so":[9],"that":[10,96],"they":[11],"can":[12,24,35],"convince":[13],"readers.":[14],"Those":[15],"illegal":[16],"or":[17,73,129],"sensitive":[18],"rumors":[19],"uploaded":[20],"into":[21],"the":[22,45,53,71,97,136,143,147,157,165,180,200,203],"internet":[23,74],"be":[25,36],"written":[26],"on":[27,82,106,156],"images":[28,34,90,172,191],"by-pass":[30],"text":[31,98,128],"filters.":[32],"These":[33],"detected":[37],"by":[38],"existing":[39],"filters":[40,99],"such":[41,95],"as":[42],"OCR,":[43],"but":[44],"detection":[46,118,205],"is":[47,152,167],"very":[48],"time":[49],"consuming.":[50],"To":[51,178],"prohibit":[52],"dissemination":[54],"of":[55,66,78,127,146,159,192,202],"those":[56,107,160,176],"commentaries,":[57],"detecting":[58,89],"whether":[59,122],"an":[60,123],"image":[61,124,216],"contains":[62,125],"a":[63,84,115,149,184],"sufficient":[64,93],"amount":[65],"words":[67],"provides":[68],"convenience":[69],"government":[72],"service":[75],"providers.":[76],"Because":[77],"this,":[79],"we":[80,113,182],"focus":[81,105],"developing":[83],"fast":[85,117],"pre-processor":[86],"algorithm":[87],"for":[88],"embedded":[91],"with":[92,173,193],"text,":[94],"(e.g.":[100],"OCR)":[101],"only":[102],"need":[103],"suspected":[108],"images.":[109,139],"In":[110],"this":[111],"paper,":[112],"propose":[114],"histogram-based":[116],"method":[119],"determine":[121],"not.":[130],"Binary":[131],"histograms":[132],"are":[133],"extracted":[134],"from":[135],"converted":[137],"binary":[138],"Then,":[140],"due":[141],"periodic":[144],"pattern":[145],"histograms,":[148],"step":[150],"curve":[151,166],"designed":[153],"apply":[155],"autocorrelation":[158],"histograms.":[161],"The":[162,197],"area":[163],"under":[164],"further":[168],"utilized":[169],"differentiate":[171],"and":[175,194,212],"without.":[177],"imitate":[179],"scenario,":[181],"construct":[183],"new":[185],"dataset":[186],"covering":[187],"more":[188],"than":[189],"2000":[190],"without":[195],"paragraphs.":[196],"results":[198],"show":[199],"effectiveness":[201],"proposed":[204],"system,":[206],"which":[207],"achieves":[208],"99.5%":[209],"in":[210,217,220],"accuracy":[211],"15":[213],"millisecond":[214],"per":[215],"speed":[218],"implemented":[219],"C++.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
