{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415399361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spml66318.2025.11199788","title":"Research on Spectrum Sensing Method Based on CvT","display_name":"Research on Spectrum Sensing Method Based on CvT","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415399361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spml66318.2025.11199788"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spml66318.2025.11199788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spml66318.2025.11199788","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Machine Learning (SPML)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082431442","display_name":"Yujie Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2896-4955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2722730","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0106qb496","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujie Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing and Signal Processing,Hohhot,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing and Signal Processing,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103908235","display_name":"Y. C. Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9024-6746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2722730","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0106qb496","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yitao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing and Signal Processing,Hohhot,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing and Signal Processing,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100686639","display_name":"Shubin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5968-6276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2722730","display_name":"Inner Mongolia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0106qb496","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shubin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing and Signal Processing,Hohhot,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing and Signal Processing,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2722730"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"307","last_page":"311"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.6503000259399414,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13717","display_name":"Advanced Algorithms and Applications","score":0.6503000259399414,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13535","display_name":"Wireless Sensor Networks and IoT","score":0.6119999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12451","display_name":"Smart Grid and Power Systems","score":0.6036999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6046000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.4156999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4115999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum-management","display_name":"Spectrum management","score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.38580000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.37130001187324524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6046000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5939000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47780001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.4156999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4115999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63029442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504978","display_name":"Spectrum management","level":4,"score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.38580000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.37130001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.351500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155761240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133139","display_name":"Electromagnetic spectrum","level":2,"score":0.33809998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92545706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902174","display_name":"Radio spectrum","level":2,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.31130000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.29989999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spml66318.2025.11199788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spml66318.2025.11199788","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 8th International Conference on Signal Processing and Machine Learning (SPML)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071707134","https://openalex.org/W2164701487","https://openalex.org/W2230877447","https://openalex.org/W2272847350","https://openalex.org/W2295861044","https://openalex.org/W2786055572","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W4285416961","https://openalex.org/W4288391355","https://openalex.org/W4317642592","https://openalex.org/W4323894464","https://openalex.org/W4385834073"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,67],"scarcity":[1],"of":[2,17,28,74,161,184,192],"electromagnetic":[3],"spectrum":[4,22,35,41,86,146,162],"resources":[5],"poses":[6],"new":[7],"challenges":[8],"to":[9,56,81,151,220],"modern":[10],"wireless":[11],"communication,":[12],"especially":[13],"in":[14,64,200],"the":[15,29,72,89,100,114,123,131,159,170,174,179,187,195,223,232],"field":[16],"cognitive":[18],"radio":[19],"(CR),":[20],"where":[21],"sensing":[23,42,147],"technology":[24],"has":[25],"become":[26],"one":[27],"core":[30],"technologies":[31],"for":[32],"achieving":[33,235],"efficient":[34],"utilization.":[36],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"proposes":[39],"a":[40,140],"method":[43,69],"based":[44],"on":[45],"Convolutional":[46,141],"Neural":[47,142],"Networks":[48],"(CNN)":[49],"and":[50,61,76,154,186,194,207,238],"Vision":[51],"Transformer":[52,144],"(ViT)":[53],"models,":[54],"aiming":[55],"effectively":[57,109],"enhance":[58],"signal":[59,96],"detection":[60],"recognition":[62],"capabilities":[63],"complex":[65],"environments.":[66],"proposed":[68,175],"fully":[70],"leverages":[71],"advantages":[73,199],"CNN":[75,78,185],"ViT:":[77],"is":[79,225],"used":[80],"extract":[82],"local":[83,111,153,180],"features":[84,93,112],"from":[85,217],"data,":[87],"helping":[88],"model":[90,148,177,196],"capture":[91,110],"key":[92],"even":[94],"under":[95,134,169,212],"masking":[97],"conditions,":[98,139,173],"while":[99],"ViT":[101],"module,":[102],"by":[103,227],"employing":[104],"Patch":[105],"operations,":[106],"can":[107],"more":[108],"within":[113],"signal.":[115],"Its":[116],"self-attention":[117],"mechanism":[118],"acquires":[119],"long-range":[120],"dependencies,":[121],"strengthening":[122],"model's":[124,132],"global":[125,155,188],"feature":[126,181,189],"representation":[127],"capabilities.":[128],"To":[129],"improve":[130],"stability":[133,237],"low":[135,213],"signal-to-noise":[136],"ratio":[137,215],"(SNR)":[138],"Network-Visual":[143],"(CvT)-based":[145],"was":[149],"designed":[150],"combine":[152],"information,":[156],"thereby":[157],"enhancing":[158],"accuracy":[160,224],"hole":[163],"detection.":[164],"Experimental":[165],"results":[166],"show":[167],"that":[168],"same":[171],"experimental":[172],"CvT":[176],"combines":[178],"extraction":[182],"capability":[183,191],"modeling":[190],"ViT,":[193],"shows":[197],"significant":[198],"accuracy,":[201],"receiver":[202],"operating":[203],"characteristic":[204],"(ROC)":[205],"curve":[206],"other":[208],"indicators.":[209],"In":[210],"addition,":[211],"SNR":[214],"conditions":[216],"\u221220":[218],"dB":[219],"0":[221],"dB,":[222],"improved":[226],"6.67":[228],"%":[229],"compared":[230],"with":[231],"existing":[233],"model,":[234],"excellent":[236],"accuracy.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-22T00:00:00"}