{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401752569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spcom60851.2024.10631631","title":"Exploring TinyML Frameworks for Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting: A Concise Overview","display_name":"Exploring TinyML Frameworks for Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting: A Concise Overview","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401752569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spcom60851.2024.10631631"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spcom60851.2024.10631631","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spcom60851.2024.10631631","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093258378","display_name":"Soumen Garai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4258-7861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155837530","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Durgapur","ror":"https://ror.org/04ds0jm32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soumen Garai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology,Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Durgapur,West Bengal,India,713209"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology,Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Durgapur,West Bengal,India,713209","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076218062","display_name":"Suman Samui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-9646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155837530","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Durgapur","ror":"https://ror.org/04ds0jm32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suman Samui","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology,Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Durgapur,West Bengal,India,713209"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology,Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Durgapur,West Bengal,India,713209","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155837530"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1336,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89337467,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-spotting","display_name":"Keyword spotting","score":0.8414666056632996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/footprint","display_name":"Footprint","score":0.7472967505455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.713239312171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spotting","display_name":"Spotting","score":0.6414313316345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.32817211747169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15297675132751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.14377382397651672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.062308937311172485}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781213101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398558","display_name":"Keyword spotting","level":2,"score":0.8414666056632996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132943942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562511","display_name":"Footprint","level":2,"score":0.7472967505455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.713239312171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779506182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7580141","display_name":"Spotting","level":2,"score":0.6414313316345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32817211747169495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15297675132751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14377382397651672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.062308937311172485}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spcom60851.2024.10631631","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spcom60851.2024.10631631","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034940213","https://openalex.org/W2040226630","https://openalex.org/W2056986588","https://openalex.org/W2407023693","https://openalex.org/W2507580616","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2553284229","https://openalex.org/W2587529061","https://openalex.org/W2739879705","https://openalex.org/W2748659049","https://openalex.org/W2769912137","https://openalex.org/W2783089003","https://openalex.org/W2928062709","https://openalex.org/W2938873567","https://openalex.org/W2953219395","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963414149","https://openalex.org/W2964187693","https://openalex.org/W2969991587","https://openalex.org/W2972792496","https://openalex.org/W3007947150","https://openalex.org/W3013186616","https://openalex.org/W3015287265","https://openalex.org/W3081141044","https://openalex.org/W3082696729","https://openalex.org/W3095012737","https://openalex.org/W3097018422","https://openalex.org/W3098773154","https://openalex.org/W3160521245","https://openalex.org/W3198035615","https://openalex.org/W3199421948","https://openalex.org/W4206567542","https://openalex.org/W4221159370","https://openalex.org/W4283766928","https://openalex.org/W4285292186","https://openalex.org/W4308757046","https://openalex.org/W4372260014","https://openalex.org/W4372260355","https://openalex.org/W4385822415","https://openalex.org/W6745615642","https://openalex.org/W6746451879","https://openalex.org/W6784225549","https://openalex.org/W6784581357","https://openalex.org/W6838539104","https://openalex.org/W6846450640"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2918559346","https://openalex.org/W2114097550","https://openalex.org/W4286904253","https://openalex.org/W3119978414","https://openalex.org/W2516975559","https://openalex.org/W3206647229","https://openalex.org/W1969408022","https://openalex.org/W2000885660","https://openalex.org/W2545741539","https://openalex.org/W1989658893"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Keyword":[0],"spotting":[1],"with":[2,53,104],"a":[3,40,62,125],"Small":[4],"Footprint":[5],"(SF-KWS)":[6],"has":[7],"gained":[8],"popularity":[9],"in":[10,28,59],"today's":[11],"landscape":[12],"of":[13,34,43,76],"smart":[14],"voice-activated":[15],"devices,":[16],"smartphones,":[17],"and":[18,56,90],"IoT":[19],"applications.":[20],"This":[21],"surge":[22],"is":[23,66],"attributed":[24],"to":[25],"the":[26,32,47,119,135],"advancements":[27],"Deep":[29],"Learning,":[30],"enabling":[31],"identification":[33],"predefined":[35],"words":[36],"or":[37],"keywords":[38],"from":[39],"continuous":[41],"stream":[42],"words.":[44],"To":[45],"implement":[46],"SF-KWS":[48,100],"model":[49,126],"on":[50],"edge":[51],"devices":[52],"low":[54],"power":[55],"limited":[57],"memory":[58,140],"real-world":[60],"scenarios,":[61],"efficient":[63],"TinyML":[64,110],"framework":[65,122,138],"essential.":[67],"In":[68],"this":[69],"study,":[70],"we":[71],"explore":[72],"six":[73],"distinct":[74],"categories":[75],"techniques":[77],"namely,":[78],"Network":[79,92],"Architecture,":[80,87],"Learning":[81],"Techniques,":[82],"Model":[83],"Compression,":[84],"Attention":[85],"Awareness":[86],"Feature":[88],"Optimization,":[89],"Neural":[91],"Search,":[93],"which":[94],"are":[95,143],"suitable":[96],"for":[97],"developing":[98],"an":[99],"system.":[101],"We":[102],"experimented":[103],"various":[105],"popular":[106],"architectures":[107],"using":[108],"available":[109],"frameworks":[111],"throughout":[112],"our":[113],"investigation.":[114],"Our":[115],"findings":[116],"reveal":[117],"that":[118],"Tensorflow":[120],"Lite":[121],"can":[123],"compress":[124],"by":[127],"approximately":[128,144],"69%,":[129],"maintaining":[130],"acceptable":[131],"accuracy.":[132],"Additionally,":[133],"though":[134],"Edge":[136],"Impulse":[137],"reduces":[139],"footprint":[141],"significantly,":[142],"13.3%":[145],"less":[146],"accurate":[147],"than":[148],"MicroNet-S.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
