{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289829950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spcom55316.2022.9840757","title":"Robustness of DAS Beamformer Over MVDR for Replay Attack Detection On Voice Assistants","display_name":"Robustness of DAS Beamformer Over MVDR for Replay Attack Detection On Voice Assistants","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289829950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spcom55316.2022.9840757"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spcom55316.2022.9840757","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spcom55316.2022.9840757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608579","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005640984","display_name":"Piyushkumar K. Chodingala","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98389781","display_name":"Dhirubhai Ambani University","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5b7g69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Piyushkumar K. Chodingala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Speech Research Lab, DAIICT,Gandhinagar","Speech Research Lab, DAIICT, Gandhinagar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech Research Lab, DAIICT,Gandhinagar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech Research Lab, DAIICT, Gandhinagar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103987250","display_name":"Shreya S. Chaturvedi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98389781","display_name":"Dhirubhai Ambani University","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5b7g69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shreya S. Chaturvedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Speech Research Lab, DAIICT,Gandhinagar","Speech Research Lab, DAIICT, Gandhinagar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech Research Lab, DAIICT,Gandhinagar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech Research Lab, DAIICT, Gandhinagar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079352542","display_name":"Ankur T. Patil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5666-272X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98389781","display_name":"Dhirubhai Ambani University","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5b7g69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankur T. Patil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Speech Research Lab, DAIICT,Gandhinagar","Speech Research Lab, DAIICT, Gandhinagar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech Research Lab, DAIICT,Gandhinagar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech Research Lab, DAIICT, Gandhinagar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043002276","display_name":"Hemant A. Patil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4068-2005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98389781","display_name":"Dhirubhai Ambani University","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5b7g69","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hemant A. Patil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Speech Research Lab, DAIICT,Gandhinagar","Speech Research Lab, DAIICT, Gandhinagar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech Research Lab, DAIICT,Gandhinagar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech Research Lab, DAIICT, Gandhinagar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98389781"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.292,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81969468,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7543801069259644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.739503800868988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mel-frequency-cepstrum","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","score":0.660125732421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverberation","display_name":"Reverberation","score":0.645603358745575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.48094624280929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3281041979789734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32802221179008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3125183582305908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.25873419642448425}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7543801069259644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.739503800868988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151989614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440370","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","level":3,"score":0.660125732421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95851461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468809","display_name":"Reverberation","level":2,"score":0.645603358745575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.48094624280929565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3281041979789734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32802221179008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3125183582305908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.25873419642448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spcom55316.2022.9840757","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spcom55316.2022.9840757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608579","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications (SPCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2736574136","https://openalex.org/W2038216521","https://openalex.org/W4399693842","https://openalex.org/W2399955410","https://openalex.org/W3126677997","https://openalex.org/W2565286512","https://openalex.org/W2097377227","https://openalex.org/W2933782699","https://openalex.org/W4317383455","https://openalex.org/W3129283347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,62,122,170,230],"the":[2,13,29,64,70,82,92,123,172,231],"increased":[3],"use":[4],"of":[5,15,31,119,174,243,253],"Virtual":[6],"Assistants":[7],"(VAs)":[8],"for":[9,49,78,86,104,112,176,225,257],"various":[10,18,254],"personal":[11],"usage,":[12],"safety":[14],"VAs":[16],"from":[17],"spoofing":[19],"attacks":[20],"is":[21,60,100,128,136,163,167,248],"utmost":[22],"important.":[23],"To":[24],"that":[25],"effect,":[26],"we":[27],"investigate":[28],"significance":[30,242],"Delay-and-Sum":[32],"(DAS)":[33],"beamformer":[34,127],"over":[35],"state-of-the-art":[36],"Minimum":[37],"Variance":[38],"Distortionless":[39],"Response":[40],"(MVDR)":[41],"along":[42,200],"with":[43,201],"Teager":[44,156],"Energy":[45,157],"Operator":[46],"(TEO)-based":[47],"features":[48],"replay":[50,79,105,113,177],"Spoof":[51],"Speech":[52,88,145],"Detection":[53],"(SSD)":[54],"on":[55,138,214],"VAs.":[56,116,258],"Conventional":[57],"DAS":[58,108,124,150,215],"method":[59],"known":[61],"suppress":[63],"additive":[65,96],"noise":[66],"component":[67],"and":[68,95,148,192,223,234],"retains":[69],"reverberation":[71,93,120,175],"effect":[72,94],"(i.e.,":[73],"an":[74],"important":[75],"acoustic":[76],"cue":[77],"SSD).":[80],"On":[81],"contrary,":[83],"MVDR":[84,99,126,152,236],"used":[85],"Distant":[87],"Recognition":[89],"(DSR)":[90],"suppresses":[91],"noise.":[97],"Hence,":[98],"not":[101],"suitable":[102],"choice":[103],"SSD,":[106],"whereas":[107],"can":[109],"be":[110],"exploited":[111],"SSD":[114,178,212,255],"in":[115,219],"Furthermore,":[117,155],"suppression":[118],"due":[121],"vs.":[125,151],"analyzed":[129],"via":[130],"TEO":[131],"profile.":[132],"The":[133],"experimental":[134],"validation":[135],"done":[137],"recently":[139,168],"released":[140],"Realistic":[141],"Replay":[142],"Attack":[143],"Microphone-Array":[144],"Corpus":[146],"(ReMASC)":[147],"its":[149,235],"beamformed":[153,237],"versions.":[154],"Cepstral":[158,184,189,195],"Coefficients":[159,185,190,196],"(TECC)":[160],"feature":[161,198],"set":[162,227],"employed":[164],"as":[165,228],"it":[166],"shown":[169,249],"capture":[171],"characteristics":[173],"task.":[179],"For":[180],"performance":[181],"comparison,":[182],"Constant-Q":[183],"(CQCC),":[186],"Linear":[187],"Frequency":[188,194],"(LFCC),":[191],"Mel":[193],"(MFCC)":[197],"sets":[199],"Gaussian":[202],"Mixture":[203],"Model":[204],"(GMM)":[205],"classifier":[206],"are":[207],"used.":[208],"In":[209],"particular,":[210],"TECC-GMM":[211],"system":[213],"gave":[216],"relative":[217,241],"reduction":[218],"%EER":[220],"by":[221],"13.12%":[222],"43.16%":[224],"Eval":[226],"compared":[229],"original":[232],"ReMASC":[233],"version,":[238],"respectively.":[239],"Finally,":[240],"TECC":[244],"w.r.t.":[245],"practical":[246],"deployment":[247],"through":[250],"latency":[251],"analysis":[252],"systems":[256]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}