{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413979794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc66079.2025.11143319","title":"Traffic Prediction-Based Dynamic Cell Zooming-Assisted Base Station Sleep Mode in Green Cellular Networks","display_name":"Traffic Prediction-Based Dynamic Cell Zooming-Assisted Base Station Sleep Mode in Green Cellular Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413979794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc66079.2025.11143319"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc66079.2025.11143319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc66079.2025.11143319","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 26th International Workshop on Signal Processing and Artificial Intelligence for Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101427880","display_name":"Shuo Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0790-6510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey,UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015440437","display_name":"Chong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0392-9398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey,UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002566516","display_name":"Pei Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7886-5878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey,UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044441880","display_name":"Cicek Cavdar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cicek Cavdar","raw_affiliation_strings":["KTH Royal Institute of Technology,Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology,Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032549075","display_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey,UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000446896","display_name":"Dong An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5133-6562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong An","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Agricultural University,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Agricultural University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375959","display_name":"Daoliang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1842-419X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daoliang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Agricultural University,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Agricultural University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101427880"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28553121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9623000025749207,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7442392110824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-mode","display_name":"Sleep mode","score":0.7172012329101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6472786664962769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoom","display_name":"Zoom","score":0.6239199042320251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.48421216011047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","score":0.4644235670566559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.45677393674850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3851494789123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.31363633275032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14968764781951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.11247330904006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.08777555823326111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07373631000518799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06950271129608154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.06189730763435364}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7442392110824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57149124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587346","display_name":"Sleep mode","level":4,"score":0.7172012329101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6472786664962769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124913957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1232548","display_name":"Zoom","level":3,"score":0.6239199042320251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.48421216011047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.4644235670566559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.45677393674850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3851494789123535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.31363633275032043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14968764781951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.11247330904006958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.08777555823326111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07373631000518799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06950271129608154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.06189730763435364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc66079.2025.11143319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc66079.2025.11143319","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 26th International Workshop on Signal Processing and Artificial Intelligence for Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557654162","https://openalex.org/W3089378248","https://openalex.org/W3165322078","https://openalex.org/W4295955391","https://openalex.org/W4312597511","https://openalex.org/W4319996394","https://openalex.org/W4387609234","https://openalex.org/W4404035642","https://openalex.org/W4405907344"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961666871","https://openalex.org/W2036198858","https://openalex.org/W2559589777","https://openalex.org/W2030588171","https://openalex.org/W3209237170","https://openalex.org/W4384067648","https://openalex.org/W2057306046","https://openalex.org/W4309156054","https://openalex.org/W1980566518","https://openalex.org/W2787461692"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,77],"rapid":[1],"advancement":[2],"of":[3,117],"wireless":[4],"communication":[5],"technologies":[6],"has":[7],"significantly":[8],"increased":[9],"energy":[10,52,122],"consumption":[11],"in":[12,121],"cellular":[13],"networks.":[14],"To":[15,61],"address":[16],"this":[17],"issue,":[18],"we":[19],"propose":[20],"a":[21,82,97],"multilevel":[22],"sleep":[23,49,67],"mode":[24,40],"strategy":[25],"for":[26,51,106],"multi-base":[27],"station":[28],"(BS)":[29],"collaboration,":[30],"assisted":[31],"by":[32,66],"cell":[33,55],"zooming":[34,56],"and":[35,87],"joint":[36],"user":[37],"association.":[38],"Sleep":[39],"enables":[41],"BSs":[42],"with":[43],"low":[44],"traffic":[45,107],"to":[46,109,125],"enter":[47],"different":[48],"states":[50],"savings,":[53],"while":[54],"dynamically":[57],"adjusts":[58],"BS":[59],"coverage.":[60],"mitigate":[62],"the":[63,90,115,118],"delay":[64,73],"introduced":[65],"mode,":[68],"an":[69],"energy-saving":[70],"scheme":[71,120],"under":[72],"constraints":[74],"is":[75,79,104],"developed.":[76],"optimization":[78,93],"modeled":[80],"as":[81],"Markov":[83],"decision":[84],"process":[85],"(MDP)":[86],"solved":[88],"using":[89],"proximal":[91],"policy":[92],"(PPO)":[94],"algorithm.":[95],"Moreover,":[96],"bidirectional":[98],"long":[99],"short-term":[100],"memory":[101],"(Bi-LSTM)":[102],"network":[103],"employed":[105],"prediction":[108],"enhance":[110],"decisionmaking.":[111],"Simulation":[112],"results":[113],"validate":[114],"superiority":[116],"proposed":[119],"savings":[123],"compared":[124],"benchmark":[126],"methods.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
