{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388426765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc53906.2023.10304439","title":"Spatial Beamforming Design for ISAC Systems Under Per Antenna Power Constraint","display_name":"Spatial Beamforming Design for ISAC Systems Under Per Antenna Power Constraint","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388426765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc53906.2023.10304439"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc53906.2023.10304439","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spawc53906.2023.10304439","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 24th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101812388","display_name":"Kaixin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8000-9691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaixin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University,School of Information Science and Technology,China","School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University,School of Information Science and Technology,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070120232","display_name":"Tian Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6160-579X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University,School of Information Science and Technology,China","School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University,School of Information Science and Technology,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081764746","display_name":"Qiucen Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3456-6638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiucen Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University,School of Information Science and Technology,China","School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University,School of Information Science and Technology,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020245515","display_name":"Yu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2303-5567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University,School of Information Science and Technology,China","School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University,School of Information Science and Technology,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"56","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7002187967300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6913899183273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coordinate-descent","display_name":"Coordinate descent","score":0.6019148826599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5213274359703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.502570629119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.48184263706207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.4780079424381256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4571942389011383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.44828876852989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.43082213401794434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.419039785861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4154670834541321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4143623113632202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.41031479835510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3285105228424072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2774621248245239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17312389612197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14606595039367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.13320747017860413}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7002187967300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6913899183273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157553263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5168004","display_name":"Coordinate descent","level":2,"score":0.6019148826599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5213274359703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.502570629119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.48184263706207275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.4780079424381256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4571942389011383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.44828876852989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.43082213401794434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.419039785861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4154670834541321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4143623113632202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41031479835510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3285105228424072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2774621248245239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17312389612197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14606595039367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.13320747017860413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc53906.2023.10304439","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spawc53906.2023.10304439","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 24th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337504","display_name":"Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101727634","https://openalex.org/W2163762663","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2780231131","https://openalex.org/W2788350651","https://openalex.org/W2788428941","https://openalex.org/W2964202652","https://openalex.org/W3038047043","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3199941339","https://openalex.org/W4200632563","https://openalex.org/W4205293427","https://openalex.org/W4214866728","https://openalex.org/W4312466007","https://openalex.org/W4313639397","https://openalex.org/W4322576544","https://openalex.org/W6805518292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281688526","https://openalex.org/W2152088989","https://openalex.org/W2756419127","https://openalex.org/W4366493479","https://openalex.org/W2905893439","https://openalex.org/W2134293600","https://openalex.org/W4286569445","https://openalex.org/W2363346776","https://openalex.org/W4315783257","https://openalex.org/W2047743558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spatial":[0],"beamforming":[1],"is":[2,20,33,110],"an":[3,48],"effective":[4],"method":[5,88],"for":[6,147],"designing":[7],"integrated":[8],"sensing":[9],"and":[10,80,137,144],"communication":[11,143],"(ISAC)":[12],"waveforms.":[13],"Since":[14],"the":[15,27,38,53,56,64,70,83,96,101,106,121,134,148,152],"power":[16,25,30,40],"of":[17,58,100,108],"each":[18],"antenna":[19,29,41],"individually":[21],"limited":[22],"by":[23],"its":[24],"amplifier,":[26],"per":[28],"constraint":[31],"(PAPC)":[32],"actually":[34],"more":[35,76],"realistic":[36],"than":[37],"sum":[39],"constraint.":[42],"In":[43,92],"this":[44],"paper,":[45],"we":[46,68,112],"propose":[47,114],"ISAC":[49,149],"precoding":[50],"design":[51],"under":[52],"PAPC":[54],"in":[55],"presence":[57],"signal-dependent":[59],"clutter":[60],"sources.":[61],"Based":[62],"on":[63,120],"fractional":[65],"programming":[66],"approach,":[67],"transform":[69],"original":[71],"non-convex":[72],"problem":[73,99],"into":[74],"a":[75,115,139],"manageable":[77],"optimization":[78],"problem,":[79],"then":[81],"apply":[82],"block":[84],"coordinate":[85],"descent":[86],"(BCD)":[87],"to":[89,94],"solve":[90],"it.":[91],"addition,":[93],"handle":[95],"slow":[97],"convergence":[98,117],"BCD":[102],"based":[103,119],"algorithm":[104,118],"when":[105],"number":[107],"antennas":[109],"large,":[111],"further":[113],"fast":[116],"manifold":[122],"optimization.":[123],"Simulation":[124],"results":[125],"show":[126],"that":[127],"our":[128],"two":[129],"proposed":[130],"algorithms":[131,136],"significantly":[132],"outperform":[133],"existing":[135],"achieve":[138],"better":[140],"trade-off":[141],"between":[142],"radar":[145],"performance":[146],"systems":[150],"with":[151],"PAPC.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}