{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4288388698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc51304.2022.9833935","title":"Machine Learning Prediction for Phase-less Millimeter-Wave Beam Tracking","display_name":"Machine Learning Prediction for Phase-less Millimeter-Wave Beam Tracking","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4288388698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc51304.2022.9833935"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc51304.2022.9833935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc51304.2022.9833935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607144","display_name":"2022 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communication (SPAWC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communication (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033823067","display_name":"Benjamin W. Domae","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin W. Domae","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001614836","display_name":"Veljko Boljanovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5660-4688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veljko Boljanovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038605489","display_name":"Ruifu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruifu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008128583","display_name":"Danijela \u010cabri\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5967-2683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danijela Cabric","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033823067"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2876,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76299329,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6935736536979675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.6242485642433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5724130272865295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.5713520646095276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.5152702331542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5009098052978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4865542948246002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.4791676104068756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressed-sensing","display_name":"Compressed sensing","score":0.447483628988266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.44038912653923035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.43953144550323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4324001967906952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.4242382049560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4119277596473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27056077122688293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.21383818984031677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18982729315757751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1463591754436493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13670065999031067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6935736536979675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.6242485642433167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5724130272865295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5713520646095276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.5152702331542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5009098052978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4865542948246002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.4791676104068756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124851039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665459","display_name":"Compressed sensing","level":2,"score":0.447483628988266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.44038912653923035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.43953144550323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4324001967906952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.4242382049560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4119277596473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27056077122688293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.21383818984031677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18982729315757751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1463591754436493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13670065999031067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc51304.2022.9833935","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc51304.2022.9833935","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607144","display_name":"2022 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communication (SPAWC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communication (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W624827785","https://openalex.org/W948366128","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W2593251263","https://openalex.org/W2604992528","https://openalex.org/W2739778833","https://openalex.org/W2751147412","https://openalex.org/W2903505234","https://openalex.org/W3013671265","https://openalex.org/W3036474653","https://openalex.org/W3044237917","https://openalex.org/W3089808128","https://openalex.org/W3091740958","https://openalex.org/W3202649176","https://openalex.org/W4200019619","https://openalex.org/W4226381701","https://openalex.org/W4288574671","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6759127422","https://openalex.org/W6805226157"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989454727","https://openalex.org/W2354576673","https://openalex.org/W4290716467","https://openalex.org/W2071664861","https://openalex.org/W2391416009","https://openalex.org/W2125200416","https://openalex.org/W4391087564","https://openalex.org/W2007491870","https://openalex.org/W2993230840","https://openalex.org/W2540286309"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Future":[0],"wireless":[1],"networks":[2],"may":[3],"operate":[4],"at":[5,27],"millimeter-wave":[6],"(mmW)":[7],"and":[8,29,39,44,54,85,91,96,136],"sub-terahertz":[9],"(sub-THz)":[10],"frequencies":[11],"to":[12,59,103,153],"enable":[13],"high":[14,60,89],"data":[15],"rate":[16],"requirements.":[17],"While":[18],"large":[19,92],"antenna":[20,33],"arrays":[21,34],"are":[22],"critical":[23],"for":[24,48,68],"reliable":[25],"communications":[26],"mmW":[28],"sub-THz":[30],"bands,":[31],"these":[32],"would":[35],"also":[36],"mandate":[37],"efficient":[38],"scalable":[40],"initial":[41],"beam":[42,70,74,83,134,150,156],"alignment":[43,151,157],"link":[45],"maintenance":[46],"algorithms":[47],"mobile":[49],"devices.":[50],"Low-power":[51],"phased-array":[52],"architectures":[53],"phaseless":[55],"power":[56],"measurements":[57,142,166],"due":[58],"frequency":[61],"oscillator":[62],"phase":[63],"noise":[64],"pose":[65],"additional":[66],"challenges":[67],"practical":[69],"tracking":[71,75,135],"algorithms.":[72],"Traditional":[73],"protocols":[76],"require":[77,117],"exhaustive":[78],"sweeps":[79],"of":[80,164],"all":[81],"possible":[82],"directions":[84],"scale":[86],"poorly":[87],"with":[88,107],"mobility":[90],"arrays.":[93],"Compressive":[94],"sensing":[95],"machine":[97],"learning":[98],"designs":[99],"have":[100],"been":[101],"proposed":[102],"improve":[104],"measurement":[105],"scaling":[106],"array":[108],"size":[109],"but":[110],"commonly":[111],"degrade":[112],"under":[113],"hardware":[114],"impairments":[115],"or":[116],"raw":[118],"samples":[119],"respectively.":[120],"In":[121],"this":[122],"work,":[123],"we":[124],"introduce":[125],"a":[126],"novel":[127],"long":[128],"short-term":[129],"memory":[130],"(LSTM)":[131],"network":[132],"assisted":[133],"prediction":[137],"algorithm":[138],"utilizing":[139],"only":[140],"phase-less":[141,155],"from":[143],"fixed":[144],"compressive":[145],"codebooks.":[146],"We":[147],"demonstrate":[148],"comparable":[149],"accuracy":[152],"state-of-the-art":[154],"algorithms,":[158],"while":[159],"reducing":[160],"the":[161],"average":[162],"number":[163],"required":[165],"over":[167],"time.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
