{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3047078259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc48557.2020.9154291","title":"Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Massive MIMO Communications","display_name":"Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Massive MIMO Communications","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3047078259","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc48557.2020.9154291","mag":"3047078259"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc48557.2020.9154291","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc48557.2020.9154291","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/107140/1/Wang_Intelligent_Reflecting_Surface.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101945504","display_name":"Zhaorui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9652-9851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaorui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["EIE Department, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EIE Department, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004292048","display_name":"Liang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6509-9609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["EIE Department, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EIE Department, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009164482","display_name":"Shuguang Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2608-775X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099586","display_name":"Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data","ror":"https://ror.org/00z1gwf89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099586"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuguang Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["FNii and SRIBD, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FNii and SRIBD, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924","https://openalex.org/I4210099586"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.8824650049209595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8030368685722351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.7124397158622742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.7019268274307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6675230264663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6622339487075806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.6482160687446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-user-mimo","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","score":0.5930072665214539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.576022207736969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3g-mimo","display_name":"3G MIMO","score":0.5517473220825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.48572665452957153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.444791316986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4042545557022095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3364153802394867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27967458963394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.19015780091285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1570454239845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.07320916652679443}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.8824650049209595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8030368685722351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.7124397158622742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.7019268274307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6675230264663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6622339487075806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.6482160687446594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91330434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738298","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","level":4,"score":0.5930072665214539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.576022207736969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.5517473220825195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.48572665452957153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.444791316986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4042545557022095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3364153802394867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27967458963394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.19015780091285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1570454239845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.07320916652679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc48557.2020.9154291","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc48557.2020.9154291","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 21st International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/107140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/107140","pdf_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/107140/1/Wang_Intelligent_Reflecting_Surface.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/107140","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/107140","pdf_url":"http://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/107140/1/Wang_Intelligent_Reflecting_Surface.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3047078259.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3047078259.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518945650","https://openalex.org/W1971443733","https://openalex.org/W2106929598","https://openalex.org/W2238937638","https://openalex.org/W2805166665","https://openalex.org/W2891354184","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W3035386068","https://openalex.org/W3036185781","https://openalex.org/W3039402952","https://openalex.org/W3045648109","https://openalex.org/W3047078259","https://openalex.org/W3047550466","https://openalex.org/W3096513223","https://openalex.org/W6774004079","https://openalex.org/W6774287325"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3141240674","https://openalex.org/W2216248654","https://openalex.org/W2141031289","https://openalex.org/W2761879201","https://openalex.org/W4385649691","https://openalex.org/W1624127656","https://openalex.org/W4200145345","https://openalex.org/W1578560935","https://openalex.org/W2489379490","https://openalex.org/W4381195711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,93],"a":[1,13,58,64,155,190],"practical":[2],"massive":[3,59,107,127,179,233],"MIMO":[4,60,108,128,180,234],"(multiple-input":[5],"multiple-output)":[6],"system,":[7,66,129],"the":[8,20,27,38,42,50,54,67,73,79,85,100,105,113,125,141,145,148,151,157,178,199,206,211,225,231,248,251],"number":[9],"of":[10,40,53,115,177],"antennas":[11],"at":[12,198,205],"base":[14],"station":[15],"(BS)":[16],"is":[17,75,89,219,229],"constrained":[18],"by":[19,31],"space":[21],"and":[22,169,201],"cost":[23],"factors,":[24],"which":[25],"limits":[26],"throughput":[28,81,240],"gain":[29,52],"promised":[30],"theoretical":[32],"analysis.":[33],"This":[34],"paper":[35],"thus":[36,170],"studies":[37],"feasibility":[39],"adopting":[41],"intelligent":[43],"reflecting":[44],"surface":[45],"(IRS)":[46],"to":[47,77,131,147,165,208,242],"further":[48],"improve":[49],"beamforming":[51,162,196],"uplink":[55],"communications":[56],"in":[57,71],"system.":[61],"Under":[62,214],"such":[63],"novel":[65,191],"central":[68],"question":[69],"lies":[70],"whether":[72],"IRS":[74,138,207],"able":[76],"enhance":[78],"network":[80],"as":[82],"expected,":[83],"if":[84,224],"channel":[86,134,226],"estimation":[87,227],"overhead":[88,228],"taken":[90],"into":[91],"account.":[92],"this":[94,186],"paper,":[95],"we":[96,188],"first":[97],"show":[98],"that":[99,136,222,250],"favorable":[101,252],"propagation":[102,253],"property":[103,135,254],"for":[104,124,193],"conventional":[106],"system":[109,181,235],"without":[110,182,245],"IRS,":[111,246],"i.e.,":[112],"channels":[114],"arbitrary":[116],"two":[117],"users":[118,146],"are":[119],"orthogonal,":[120],"no":[121,255],"longer":[122,256],"holds":[123],"IRS-assisted":[126,232],"due":[130],"its":[132,243],"special":[133],"each":[137],"element":[139],"reflects":[140],"signals":[142],"from":[143],"all":[144],"BS":[149,200],"via":[150],"same":[152],"channel.":[153],"As":[154],"result,":[156],"maximal-ratio":[158],"combining":[159],"(MRC)":[160],"receive":[161],"strategy":[163,192],"leads":[164],"strong":[166],"inter-user":[167,212],"interference":[168],"even":[171,223],"lower":[172],"user":[173],"rates":[174],"than":[175],"those":[176],"IRS.":[183],"To":[184],"tackle":[185],"challenge,":[187],"propose":[189],"zero-forcing":[194],"(ZF)":[195],"design":[197,204],"reflection":[202],"coefficients":[203],"efficiently":[209],"null":[210],"interference.":[213],"our":[215],"proposed":[216],"strategy,":[217],"it":[218],"rigorously":[220],"shown":[221],"considered,":[230],"can":[236],"always":[237],"achieve":[238],"higher":[239],"compared":[241],"counterpart":[244],"despite":[247],"fact":[249],"holds.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
