{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2964246628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc.2018.8445955","title":"Slow Beam Steering for Indoor Multi-User Visible Light Communications","display_name":"Slow Beam Steering for Indoor Multi-User Visible Light Communications","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2964246628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc.2018.8445955","mag":"2964246628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc.2018.8445955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc.2018.8445955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 19th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064858789","display_name":"Yusuf SaidEroglu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yusuf SaidEroglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067213733","display_name":"Chethan Kumar Anjinappa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0784-4498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chethan Kumar Anjinappa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016722903","display_name":"\u0130smail G\u00fcven\u00e7","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1387-6242"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ismail Guvenc","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054557438","display_name":"Nezih Pala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6136-9811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nezih Pala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064858789"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69320201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9954","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.7202962040901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7019465565681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.610105037689209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.5998386144638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.5534430742263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5387396216392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5270564556121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.5149136781692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadband","display_name":"Broadband","score":0.4717691242694855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4430675804615021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.4222063422203064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.29749825596809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.23142066597938538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2142685353755951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.1834717094898224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17978355288505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.15952685475349426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12640532851219177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.09740927815437317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.7202962040901184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7019465565681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.610105037689209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.5998386144638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.5534430742263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5387396216392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5270564556121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.5149136781692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509933004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194163","display_name":"Broadband","level":2,"score":0.4717691242694855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4430675804615021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.4222063422203064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.29749825596809387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.23142066597938538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2142685353755951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.1834717094898224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17978355288505554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.15952685475349426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12640532851219177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.09740927815437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc.2018.8445955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc.2018.8445955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE 19th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976650947","https://openalex.org/W1994602472","https://openalex.org/W2078858675","https://openalex.org/W2094177780","https://openalex.org/W2105580634","https://openalex.org/W2108080489","https://openalex.org/W2120537910","https://openalex.org/W2144644352","https://openalex.org/W2149414429","https://openalex.org/W2159715570","https://openalex.org/W2510608419","https://openalex.org/W2516629162","https://openalex.org/W2523122228","https://openalex.org/W2525366067","https://openalex.org/W2780200238","https://openalex.org/W2963190415","https://openalex.org/W2964058886","https://openalex.org/W4240896209","https://openalex.org/W6726014357"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2501797479","https://openalex.org/W2997630107","https://openalex.org/W3109516991","https://openalex.org/W2291056487","https://openalex.org/W2395898055","https://openalex.org/W2779101090","https://openalex.org/W2289948051","https://openalex.org/W3081944688","https://openalex.org/W3096625689","https://openalex.org/W3196531682"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Visible":[0],"light":[1],"communications":[2],"(VLC)":[3],"is":[4,101],"an":[5,134],"emerging":[6],"technology":[7],"that":[8,151],"enables":[9],"broadband":[10],"data":[11],"rates":[12,157],"using":[13,48,109],"the":[14,24,59,87,97,130,172],"visible":[15],"spectrum.":[16],"VLC":[17],"beam":[18,71,74],"steering":[19,72,89],"has":[20,53],"been":[21,55],"studied":[22,57],"in":[23,35,58,129,175],"literature":[25],"to":[26,31,42,62,78,91,136,159],"track":[27,43],"mobile":[28],"users":[29,47,95,128,138,153],"and":[30,44,113,132,139,167],"improve":[32],"coverage.":[33],"However,":[34],"some":[36],"scenarios,":[37],"it":[38],"may":[39],"be":[40,79],"needed":[41],"serve":[45,93,140],"multiple":[46,94,120],"a":[49,82,105,144,164,176],"single":[50],"beam,":[51,166],"which":[52],"not":[54],"rigorously":[56],"existing":[60],"works":[61],"our":[63],"best":[64],"knowledge.":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"considering":[69],"slow":[70],"where":[73],"directions":[75],"are":[76],"assumed":[77],"fixed":[80],"within":[81,96],"transmission":[83],"frame,":[84],"we":[85,118],"find":[86],"optimum":[88],"angles":[90],"simultaneously":[92],"frame":[98],"duration.":[99],"This":[100],"achieved":[102],"by":[103],"solving":[104],"non-convex":[106],"optimization":[107],"problem":[108],"grid":[110],"based":[111],"search":[112],"majorization-minimization":[114],"(MM)":[115],"procedure.":[116],"Additionally,":[117],"consider":[119],"steerable":[121],"beams":[122],"case":[123],"with":[124,143,163],"larger":[125],"number":[126],"of":[127],"network,":[131],"propose":[133],"algorithm":[135],"cluster":[137,142],"each":[141,161],"separate":[145,165],"beam.":[146],"The":[147],"simulation":[148],"results":[149],"show":[150],"clustering":[152],"can":[154],"provide":[155],"higher":[156],"compared":[158],"serving":[160],"user":[162,169],"two":[168],"clusters":[170],"maximizes":[171],"sum":[173],"rate":[174],"crowded":[177],"room":[178],"setting.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
