{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2512847286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc.2016.7536876","title":"Graph-based power-efficient beam sweep for initial synchronization","display_name":"Graph-based power-efficient beam sweep for initial synchronization","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2512847286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc.2016.7536876","mag":"2512847286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc.2016.7536876","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc.2016.7536876","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 17th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046884610","display_name":"Igor M. Guerreiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2157-3022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor M. Guerreiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Telecomm. Research Group (GTEL), Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1 (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Telecomm. Research Group (GTEL), Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1 (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057378497","display_name":"Johan Axn\u00e4s","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johan Axnas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085560155","display_name":"Dennis Hui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8489-4739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139236","display_name":"Ericsson (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03q3bdj78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I4210139236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Hui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research San Jos\u00e9, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research San Jos\u00e9, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061118449","display_name":"Charles C. Cavalcante","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-4064"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I243754102","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/03srtnf24","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles C. Cavalcante","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Telecomm. Research Group (GTEL), Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1 (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Telecomm. Research Group (GTEL), Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1 (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I243754102"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.186,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58168265,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamwidth","display_name":"Beamwidth","score":0.8279278874397278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7097381353378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5726653337478638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.49781084060668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.47354856133461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.4615808129310608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.438988596200943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.4174467921257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41381579637527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.3361958861351013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3263874053955078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14135593175888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14024695754051208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190060920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876232","display_name":"Beamwidth","level":3,"score":0.8279278874397278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7097381353378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5726653337478638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.49781084060668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.47354856133461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.4615808129310608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.438988596200943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.4174467921257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41381579637527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.3361958861351013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3263874053955078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14135593175888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14024695754051208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spawc.2016.7536876","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spawc.2016.7536876","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 17th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1601765624","https://openalex.org/W1938965151","https://openalex.org/W1999153524","https://openalex.org/W2002029086","https://openalex.org/W2026129786","https://openalex.org/W2076473238","https://openalex.org/W2137813581","https://openalex.org/W2142396339","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W4256264271"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087159119","https://openalex.org/W3133309669","https://openalex.org/W2589070551","https://openalex.org/W1613226384","https://openalex.org/W4387714700","https://openalex.org/W2364986039","https://openalex.org/W2164011616","https://openalex.org/W2604634667","https://openalex.org/W2765726077","https://openalex.org/W3015934322"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,26,33,47,52,91,97,105,128,140,162],"problem":[4,116],"of":[5,8,20,35,54,81],"initial":[6],"synchronization":[7],"users":[9,103],"in":[10,43,139,176],"an":[11],"indoor":[12],"mm-Wave":[13],"scenario.":[14],"By":[15],"using":[16,66],"a":[17,62,78,110,120,149,167,177],"massive":[18],"number":[19],"antenna":[21],"elements":[22],"at":[23],"access":[24],"nodes,":[25],"resulting":[27],"beams":[28,38,76],"have":[29],"narrow":[30,37],"beamwidth.":[31],"However,":[32],"transmission":[34],"individual":[36,75,98],"may":[39],"cause":[40],"poor":[41],"coverage":[42],"some":[44,137],"areas":[45],"as":[46,119],"energy":[48],"is":[49,69,83,88,117],"concentrated":[50],"over":[51,104],"direction":[53],"their":[55],"main":[56],"lobes.":[57],"To":[58],"cope":[59],"with":[60,155],"that,":[61],"beam":[63],"sweep":[64],"procedure":[65],"phased":[67],"arrays":[68],"adopted.":[70,181],"Access":[71],"nodes":[72],"simultaneously":[73],"transmit":[74],"until":[77],"certain":[79],"area":[80,107],"interest":[82],"thoroughly":[84],"scanned.":[85],"The":[86,115,132],"goal":[87],"to":[89,143,153],"find":[90],"minimum":[92,111],"power":[93,99,113,123,175],"setting":[94],"by":[95],"adjusting":[96],"levels":[100],"so":[101],"that":[102,161],"scanned":[106],"can":[108],"observe":[109],"received":[112],"level.":[114],"formulated":[118],"total":[121],"consumed":[122],"minimization,":[124],"suitably":[125],"modeled":[126],"for":[127],"standard":[129],"min-sum":[130],"algorithm.":[131],"proposed":[133,163],"graph-based":[134],"algorithm":[135,164],"features":[136],"modifications":[138],"message":[141],"computation":[142],"decrease":[144],"computational":[145],"complexity,":[146],"and":[147],"adopts":[148],"random":[150],"message-passing":[151],"scheduling":[152],"deal":[154],"convergence":[156],"issues.":[157],"Simulation":[158],"results":[159],"indicate":[160],"usually":[165],"outperforms":[166],"baseline":[168],"iterative":[169],"one,":[170],"consuming":[171],"about":[172],"13%":[173],"less":[174],"typical":[178],"simulation":[179],"setup":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}