{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3002602233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spac46244.2018.8965481","title":"Bag-of-visual-words Model for Image Classification Based on Spatial Semantic Distribution","display_name":"Bag-of-visual-words Model for Image Classification Based on Spatial Semantic Distribution","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3002602233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spac46244.2018.8965481","mag":"3002602233"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/spac46244.2018.8965481","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spac46244.2018.8965481","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Conference on Security, Pattern Analysis, and Cybernetics (SPAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044884584","display_name":"LI Yong-qin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28006308","display_name":"Shandong Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wy3h363","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yong-qin LI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Normal University,Faculty of Education,Jinan,Shandong,China","Faculty of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Normal University,Faculty of Education,Jinan,Shandong,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053591357","display_name":"Budong Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28006308","display_name":"Shandong Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wy3h363","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bu-dong XU","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Normal University,Office of information technology,Jinan,Shandong,China","Office of information technology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Normal University,Office of information technology,Jinan,Shandong,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of information technology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089320871","display_name":"Hai-di SHENG","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113333","display_name":"Shandong Ocean and Fisheries Department","ror":"https://ror.org/023t03t27","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113333"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hai-di SHENG","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oceanic and fishery information publicity center of Shandong Province,Jinan,Shandong,China","Oceanic and fishery information publicity center of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oceanic and fishery information publicity center of Shandong Province,Jinan,Shandong,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113333"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oceanic and fishery information publicity center of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044884584"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28006308"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24988129,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"42","last_page":"46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9272000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bag-of-words-model-in-computer-vision","display_name":"Bag-of-words model in computer vision","score":0.8521655797958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.760643482208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7046805620193481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.668075680732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-word","display_name":"Visual Word","score":0.6209646463394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.48786449432373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4556364119052887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.44720661640167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bag-of-words-model","display_name":"Bag-of-words model","score":0.43791669607162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.41348040103912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.3350837230682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.30041298270225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20106962323188782}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167611913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884747","display_name":"Bag-of-words model in computer vision","level":5,"score":0.8521655797958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.760643482208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7046805620193481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.668075680732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189391414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936579","display_name":"Visual Word","level":4,"score":0.6209646463394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.48786449432373047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4556364119052887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.44720661640167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13672336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3460803","display_name":"Bag-of-words model","level":2,"score":0.43791669607162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.41348040103912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.3350837230682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30041298270225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20106962323188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/spac46244.2018.8965481","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spac46244.2018.8965481","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 International Conference on Security, Pattern Analysis, and Cybernetics (SPAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963842873","https://openalex.org/W1992577265","https://openalex.org/W2032198426","https://openalex.org/W2077689834","https://openalex.org/W2109494908","https://openalex.org/W2112020727","https://openalex.org/W2135176316","https://openalex.org/W2154683974","https://openalex.org/W2162915993","https://openalex.org/W2203189669","https://openalex.org/W2353775247","https://openalex.org/W4232730838","https://openalex.org/W6674642818"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1615295117","https://openalex.org/W2158102958","https://openalex.org/W2035094092","https://openalex.org/W2277784908","https://openalex.org/W2947282851","https://openalex.org/W2045213079","https://openalex.org/W2938717424","https://openalex.org/W3043037362","https://openalex.org/W2587721114","https://openalex.org/W2518262377"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"satisfy":[1],"the":[2,8,26,30,38,56,65,83,92,106,111,119,126,130,139,151],"requirement":[3],"of":[4,10,16,34,68,101,113,121,141],"image":[5,11,17,142],"classification":[6,143],"in":[7,25,77],"application":[9],"retrieval,":[12],"a":[13],"novel":[14],"method":[15],"representation":[18],"based":[19],"on":[20],"bag-of-visual-words":[21,132],"model":[22,153],"is":[23,59,71,96,144,148],"proposed":[24],"paper":[27],"to":[28,52],"describe":[29],"spatial":[31,53,66,93,102,155],"semantic":[32,49,84,94,103,156],"distribution":[33,67],"associated":[35,69],"features.":[36,90],"Firstly,":[37],"extracted":[39],"SIFT":[40],"features":[41,70],"are":[42,86,108,123],"mapped":[43],"into":[44],"visual":[45],"words":[46],"including":[47],"certain":[48],"information.":[50],"According":[51],"pyramid":[54],"hierarchy,":[55],"specific":[57],"region":[58],"divided":[60],"with":[61,88,98,110,125,129,154],"local":[62,89],"features,":[63],"and":[64,76,105],"analyzed":[72],"from":[73,150],"different":[74],"aspects":[75],"various":[78],"regions.":[79],"In":[80],"this":[81],"way,":[82],"phrases":[85],"established":[87],"Next,":[91],"lexicon":[95],"constructed":[97],"sparse":[99,114],"encoding":[100],"phrases,":[104],"images":[107,122],"described":[109],"form":[112],"statistical":[115],"histogram":[116],"vectors.":[117],"Finally,":[118],"vectors":[120],"classified":[124],"classifier":[127],"embedded":[128],"improved":[131],"model.":[133],"The":[134],"experimental":[135],"results":[136],"show":[137],"that":[138],"accuracy":[140],"significantly":[145],"enhanced":[146],"which":[147],"benefited":[149],"Bag-of-visual-words":[152],"distribution.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}