{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7166843645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp63933.2026.00107","title":"SoK: Robustness in Large Language Models against Jailbreak Attacks","display_name":"SoK: Robustness in Large Language Models against Jailbreak Attacks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7166843645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp63933.2026.00107"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sp63933.2026.00107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp63933.2026.00107","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139840703","display_name":"Feiyue Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feiyue Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072739933","display_name":"Hongsheng Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2501-2852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongsheng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047690196","display_name":"Chaoxiang He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoxiang He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139848721","display_name":"Sheng Hang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Hang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136660140","display_name":"H G Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanqing Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100726017","display_name":"XiuMing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6834-0891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuming Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139730191","display_name":"Yubo Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yubo Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139748817","display_name":"Zhengyan Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyan Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139810836","display_name":"Bin Benjamin Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105678","display_name":"Microsoft (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01nehjf29","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210105678"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Benjamin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corporation"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105678"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107232708","display_name":"S Y Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi-Feng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008204306","display_name":"Dawu Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0504-9538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawu Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139778814","display_name":"Shuo Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"118","last_page":"137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.623199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.623199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.033399999141693115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.023499999195337296,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5582000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.23819999396800995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modeling-language","display_name":"Modeling language","score":0.23080000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6428999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5582000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.392300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.24740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.24660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.23819999396800995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179603123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941921","display_name":"Modeling language","level":3,"score":0.23080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.22789999842643738}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sp63933.2026.00107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp63933.2026.00107","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6240153312683105,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2056409992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62532016,6257071391,62502309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6927664731","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZXDF030140","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321881","funder_display_name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321881","display_name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/05tewj457"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975879668","https://openalex.org/W4323050332","https://openalex.org/W4323655724","https://openalex.org/W4389617257","https://openalex.org/W4401042853","https://openalex.org/W4402670881","https://openalex.org/W4402671584","https://openalex.org/W4402671718","https://openalex.org/W4402683786","https://openalex.org/W4404781557","https://openalex.org/W4404782326","https://openalex.org/W4406828533","https://openalex.org/W4408355894","https://openalex.org/W4409361481","https://openalex.org/W4409657133","https://openalex.org/W4410609100","https://openalex.org/W4412505606","https://openalex.org/W4412888486","https://openalex.org/W4412889922","https://openalex.org/W4412944679","https://openalex.org/W4412944837","https://openalex.org/W4412945143","https://openalex.org/W4414205813","https://openalex.org/W4414281281","https://openalex.org/W4415795551","https://openalex.org/W4415796384","https://openalex.org/W4415796496","https://openalex.org/W4415797213","https://openalex.org/W4415797606","https://openalex.org/W4415798339","https://openalex.org/W7133211372","https://openalex.org/W7133235460"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-07-02T00:00:00"}
