{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4229447446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp46214.2022.9833737","title":"Privacy-from-Birth: Protecting Sensed Data from Malicious Sensors with VERSA","display_name":"Privacy-from-Birth: Protecting Sensed Data from Malicious Sensors with VERSA","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4229447446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp46214.2022.9833737"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sp46214.2022.9833737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp46214.2022.9833737","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363606603","display_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069912897","display_name":"Ivan De Oliveira Nunes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3486-6550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155173764","display_name":"Rochester Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00v4yb702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ivan De Oliveira Nunes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rochester Institute of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rochester Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101630907","display_name":"Seoyeon Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7674-6763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137750","display_name":"UC Irvine Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgher32","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seoyeon Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC Irvine"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC Irvine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075765037","display_name":"Sashidhar Jakkamsetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5338-3522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137750","display_name":"UC Irvine Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgher32","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sashidhar Jakkamsetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC Irvine"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC Irvine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009882362","display_name":"Gene Tsudik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8467-8614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137750","display_name":"UC Irvine Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgher32","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gene Tsudik","raw_affiliation_strings":["UC Irvine"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC Irvine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069912897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7271,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6997953,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2413","last_page":"2429"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7985367774963379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.567956268787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.566190242767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5129703879356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3534107804298401}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7985367774963379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.567956268787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.566190242767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5129703879356384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3534107804298401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sp46214.2022.9833737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp46214.2022.9833737","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363606603","display_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308590","display_name":"University of California","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124732759","https://openalex.org/W953200356","https://openalex.org/W1489391022","https://openalex.org/W1514729613","https://openalex.org/W1748529420","https://openalex.org/W1967561194","https://openalex.org/W2011728129","https://openalex.org/W2021362805","https://openalex.org/W2022209433","https://openalex.org/W2075095478","https://openalex.org/W2099613071","https://openalex.org/W2119812052","https://openalex.org/W2128159601","https://openalex.org/W2135274013","https://openalex.org/W2152605584","https://openalex.org/W2167804035","https://openalex.org/W2168580788","https://openalex.org/W2168816812","https://openalex.org/W2345650502","https://openalex.org/W2407065712","https://openalex.org/W2463516579","https://openalex.org/W2468197028","https://openalex.org/W2509042760","https://openalex.org/W2522043470","https://openalex.org/W2548743627","https://openalex.org/W2601071020","https://openalex.org/W2620213176","https://openalex.org/W2625587722","https://openalex.org/W2739746516","https://openalex.org/W2752493903","https://openalex.org/W2767162229","https://openalex.org/W2791018263","https://openalex.org/W2806322154","https://openalex.org/W2883374116","https://openalex.org/W2896396724","https://openalex.org/W2896993707","https://openalex.org/W2914817902","https://openalex.org/W2946937169","https://openalex.org/W2965443102","https://openalex.org/W2969503317","https://openalex.org/W2981791963","https://openalex.org/W2997695369","https://openalex.org/W2999744542","https://openalex.org/W3007016253","https://openalex.org/W3015593455","https://openalex.org/W3017753896","https://openalex.org/W3022162203","https://openalex.org/W3033383276","https://openalex.org/W3047132017","https://openalex.org/W3082608461","https://openalex.org/W3100966310","https://openalex.org/W3112403960","https://openalex.org/W3185178788","https://openalex.org/W3212071806","https://openalex.org/W3213708112","https://openalex.org/W4246712378","https://openalex.org/W4250874986","https://openalex.org/W4287328543","https://openalex.org/W4298441869","https://openalex.org/W6605099366","https://openalex.org/W6678042037","https://openalex.org/W6682198590","https://openalex.org/W6719314992","https://openalex.org/W6738525383","https://openalex.org/W6739320202","https://openalex.org/W6763082449","https://openalex.org/W6785107036","https://openalex.org/W6790591175"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,5,61,109,117,141,161,231,271],"growing":[2],"popularity":[3],"of":[4,10,36,49,121,212],"Internet-of-Things":[6],"(IoT),":[7],"massive":[8],"numbers":[9],"specialized":[11],"devices":[12,29,66],"are":[13,77,124],"deployed":[14],"worldwide,":[15],"in":[16,146],"many":[17,78],"everyday":[18],"settings,":[19],"including":[20],"homes,":[21],"offices,":[22],"vehicles,":[23],"public":[24],"spaces,":[25],"and":[26,40,94,119,174,192,203,214,220,236,250,282,303],"factories.":[27],"Such":[28,98],"usually":[30],"perform":[31],"sensing":[32,47,110,222],"and/or":[33],"actuation.":[34],"Many":[35],"them":[37],"handle":[38],"sensitive":[39],"personal":[41],"data.":[42],"If":[43],"left":[44],"unprotected,":[45],"ambient":[46],"(e.g.,":[48],"temperature,":[50],"motion,":[51],"audio,":[52],"or":[53],"video)":[54],"can":[55,218,263],"leak":[56],"very":[57],"private":[58],"information.":[59],"At":[60],"same":[62],"time,":[63],"some":[64],"IoT":[65,240,288],"use":[67],"low-end":[68],"computing":[69],"platforms":[70],"with":[71,246],"few":[72],"(or":[73],"no)":[74],"security":[75],"features.There":[76],"well-known":[79],"techniques":[80,99],"to":[81,132,148,177,181,267],"secure":[82,202],"sensed":[83,101,134,151,268],"data,":[84],"e.g.,":[85],"by":[86],"authenticating":[87],"communication":[88],"end-points,":[89],"encrypting":[90],"data":[91,102,135,152,269],"before":[92],"transmission,":[93],"obfuscating":[95],"traffic":[96],"patterns.":[97],"protect":[100,133],"from":[103,156,160],"external":[104],"adversaries,":[105],"while":[106],"assuming":[107],"that":[108,208,261,298],"device":[111,142,255],"itself":[112],"is":[113,143,168,230,244,257,300],"secure.":[114],"Meanwhile,":[115],"both":[116,301],"scale":[118],"frequency":[120],"IoT-focused":[122],"attacks":[123],"growing.":[125],"This":[126,242],"prompts":[127],"a":[128,164,200],"natural":[129],"question:":[130],"how":[131],"even":[136,252],"if":[137,253],"all":[138,254],"software":[139,217,256],"on":[140,239,270],"compromised?":[144],"Ideally,":[145],"order":[147],"achieve":[149],"this,":[150],"must":[153],"be":[154],"protected":[155],"its":[157,171,283],"genesis,":[158],"i.e.,":[159],"time":[162],"when":[163],"physical":[165],"analog":[166,235],"quantity":[167],"converted":[169],"into":[170],"digital":[172,237],"counterpart":[173],"becomes":[175],"accessible":[176],"software.":[178],"We":[179],"refer":[180],"this":[182,187],"property":[183],"as":[184],"PfB:":[185],"Privacy-from-Birth.In":[186],"work,":[188],"we":[189],"formalize":[190],"PfB":[191,299],"design":[193],"Verified":[194],"Remote":[195],"Sensing":[196],"Authorization":[197],"(VERSA)":[198],"\u2013":[199],"provably":[201],"formally":[204,280],"verified":[205,281],"architecture":[206],"guaranteeing":[207],"only":[209],"correct":[210],"execution":[211],"expected":[213],"explicitly":[215],"authorized":[216],"access":[219,266],"manipulate":[221],"interfaces,":[223],"specifically,":[224],"General":[225],"Purpose":[226],"Input/Output":[227],"(GPIO),":[228],"which":[229],"usual":[232],"boundary":[233],"between":[234],"worlds":[238],"devices.":[241,307],"guarantee":[243],"obtained":[245],"minimal":[247],"hardware":[248],"support":[249],"holds":[251],"compromised.":[258],"VERSA":[259,279],"ensures":[260],"malware":[262],"neither":[264],"gain":[265],"GPIO-mapped":[272],"memory":[273],"nor":[274],"obtain":[275],"any":[276],"trace":[277],"thereof.":[278],"open-sourced":[284],"implementation":[285],"targets":[286],"resource-constrained":[287],"edge":[289],"devices,":[290],"commonly":[291],"used":[292],"for":[293,305],"sensing.":[294],"Experimental":[295],"results":[296],"show":[297],"achievable":[302],"affordable":[304],"such":[306]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
