{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2794483369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.2018.00007","title":"Implementing Conjunction Obfuscation Under Entropic Ring LWE","display_name":"Implementing Conjunction Obfuscation Under Entropic Ring LWE","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2794483369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.2018.00007","mag":"2794483369"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sp.2018.00007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.2018.00007","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8418581/8418583/08418613.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8418581/8418583/08418613.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113691907","display_name":"David Bruce Cousins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0095-6814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Bruce Cousins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon BBN Technologies"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technologies","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011460496","display_name":"Giovanni Di Crescenzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5138-1144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802279603","display_name":"Vencore (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00sjx7d61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802279603"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Di Crescenzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Communication Sciences / Vencore Labs"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Communication Sciences / Vencore Labs","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802279603"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044874392","display_name":"Kamil Doruk G\u00fcr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4796-212X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamil Doruk Gur","raw_affiliation_strings":["NJIT Cybersecurity Research Center, New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NJIT Cybersecurity Research Center, New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049285220","display_name":"Kevin R. King","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-2189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin King","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051232717","display_name":"Yuriy Polyakov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5566-3763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuriy Polyakov","raw_affiliation_strings":["NJIT Cybersecurity Research Center, New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NJIT Cybersecurity Research Center, New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034274465","display_name":"Kurt Rohloff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0389-5092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kurt Rohloff","raw_affiliation_strings":["NJIT Cybersecurity Research Center, New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NJIT Cybersecurity Research Center, New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003094651","display_name":"Gerard Ryan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerard W. Ryan","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064835031","display_name":"Erkay Sava\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-5556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134235054","display_name":"Sabanc\u0131 \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/049asqa32","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134235054"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erkay Savas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sabanci University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sabanci University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134235054"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2419,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84719579,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"354","last_page":"371"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obfuscation","display_name":"Obfuscation","score":0.540073573589325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45337623357772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34561026096343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.06568053364753723}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40305131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2616305","display_name":"Obfuscation","level":2,"score":0.540073573589325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45337623357772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34561026096343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.06568053364753723}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sp.2018.00007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.2018.00007","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8418581/8418583/08418613.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sp.2018.00007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.2018.00007","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8418581/8418583/08418613.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3253398055","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-15-C-0226","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4136245087","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-15-C-0233","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4471043764","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-15-C-0233","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5259331294","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","funder_display_name":"Army Research Laboratory"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6783516298","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF-15-C-0226","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332815","display_name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794483369.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2794483369.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7540341","https://openalex.org/W31130112","https://openalex.org/W57039937","https://openalex.org/W62933689","https://openalex.org/W74973629","https://openalex.org/W109909280","https://openalex.org/W1462154385","https://openalex.org/W1482228399","https://openalex.org/W1495150862","https://openalex.org/W1509316335","https://openalex.org/W1514687127","https://openalex.org/W1564075167","https://openalex.org/W1573824426","https://openalex.org/W1603256047","https://openalex.org/W1847048756","https://openalex.org/W1996300093","https://openalex.org/W2038619601","https://openalex.org/W2038761522","https://openalex.org/W2050344266","https://openalex.org/W2079219927","https://openalex.org/W2084641398","https://openalex.org/W2093610458","https://openalex.org/W2097724213","https://openalex.org/W2098290658","https://openalex.org/W2101234949","https://openalex.org/W2106980350","https://openalex.org/W2136012769","https://openalex.org/W2140256428","https://openalex.org/W2146567535","https://openalex.org/W2152144666","https://openalex.org/W2166462894","https://openalex.org/W2169673773","https://openalex.org/W2221582088","https://openalex.org/W2285186186","https://openalex.org/W2293130060","https://openalex.org/W2293377724","https://openalex.org/W2295160013","https://openalex.org/W2396513659","https://openalex.org/W2398614482","https://openalex.org/W2400178274","https://openalex.org/W2400700555","https://openalex.org/W2401959250","https://openalex.org/W2470510195","https://openalex.org/W2474861573","https://openalex.org/W2500250645","https://openalex.org/W2519484804","https://openalex.org/W2532550198","https://openalex.org/W2532553488","https://openalex.org/W2532623575","https://openalex.org/W2538979179","https://openalex.org/W2559022203","https://openalex.org/W2592033350","https://openalex.org/W2605284921","https://openalex.org/W2613226212","https://openalex.org/W2613335035","https://openalex.org/W2613927477","https://openalex.org/W2741823356","https://openalex.org/W2752847244","https://openalex.org/W2756024715","https://openalex.org/W2765638539","https://openalex.org/W2769171744","https://openalex.org/W2769703037","https://openalex.org/W2913753768","https://openalex.org/W2949410774","https://openalex.org/W2949594093","https://openalex.org/W2953244560","https://openalex.org/W2984020543","https://openalex.org/W2990168612","https://openalex.org/W3121827341","https://openalex.org/W3122628546","https://openalex.org/W3126009636","https://openalex.org/W4245435048","https://openalex.org/W6601288629","https://openalex.org/W6604490274","https://openalex.org/W6630735781","https://openalex.org/W6633665954","https://openalex.org/W6680799494","https://openalex.org/W6736143093","https://openalex.org/W6737647207","https://openalex.org/W6741832433","https://openalex.org/W6746279048"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4224216661","https://openalex.org/W2132360941","https://openalex.org/W3210347767","https://openalex.org/W2066014542","https://openalex.org/W67940504","https://openalex.org/W2024170198","https://openalex.org/W2152144666","https://openalex.org/W1819617256"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,165,207],"address":[1],"the":[2,61,84,104,131,227,264],"practicality":[3],"challenges":[4],"of":[5,60,70,86,134,163,186,220],"secure":[6,71],"program":[7,72,136,153,195,202,216,229],"obfuscation":[8,42,73,85,137,155,243],"by":[9,160],"implementing,":[10],"optimizing,":[11],"and":[12,35,147,157,171,196,225,271,282],"experimentally":[13,172],"assessing":[14],"an":[15,57,204],"approach":[16,43],"to":[17,94,124,189,199,211,254,276],"securely":[18,190],"obfuscate":[19,191,212],"conjunction":[20,194,215,242],"programs":[21,26,78,93,281],"proposed":[22],"in":[23,151,169,175,222,230,263],"[1].":[24],"Conjunction":[25],"evaluate":[27,200,226],"functionsf(x1,...,xL)":[28],"=":[29],"\u039bi\u2208Iyi,":[30],"whereyiis":[31],"eitherxior":[32],"\u00acxiandI\u2286":[33],"[L],":[34],"can":[36,283],"be":[37,125,285],"used":[38,286],"as":[39],"classifiers.":[40],"Our":[41,128,142,182,247,269],"satisfies":[44],"distributional":[45],"Virtual":[46],"Black":[47],"Box":[48],"(VBB)":[49],"security":[50,101,117,221],"based":[51,138,291],"on":[52,112,118,139,233,292],"reasonable":[53],"hardness":[54],"assumptions,":[55,114],"namely":[56],"entropic":[58],"variant":[59],"Ring":[62],"Learning":[63],"with":[64,217],"Errors":[65],"(Ring-LWE)":[66],"assumption.":[67],"Prior":[68],"implementations":[69],"techniques":[74],"support":[75,83],"either":[76],"trivial":[77],"like":[79],"point":[80],"functions,":[81],"or":[82],"more":[87,105,278],"general":[88,106,279],"but":[89],"less":[90],"efficient":[91],"branching":[92],"satisfy":[95],"Indistinguishability":[96],"Obfuscation":[97],"(IO),":[98],"a":[99,176,192,213,234],"weaker":[100],"model.":[102],"Further,":[103],"implemented":[107],"techniques,":[108],"rather":[109],"than":[110,260],"relying":[111],"standard":[113],"base":[115],"their":[116],"conjectures":[119],"that":[120,240],"have":[121],"been":[122],"shown":[123],"theoretically":[126],"vulnerable.":[127],"work":[129],"is":[130,244,258],"first":[132],"implementation":[133,148,183,251,272],"non-trivial":[135],"polynomial":[140],"rings.":[141],"contributions":[143],"include":[144],"multiple":[145],"design":[146,168,270],"advances":[149,273],"resulting":[150],"reduced":[152],"size,":[154],"runtime,":[156],"evaluation":[158],"runtime":[159],"many":[161,288],"orders":[162],"magnitude.":[164],"implement":[166],"our":[167],"software":[170],"assess":[173],"performance":[174],"commercially":[177],"available":[178],"multi-core":[179],"computing":[180],"environment.":[181],"achieves":[184],"runtimes":[185],"6.7":[187],"hours":[188],"64-bit":[193],"2.5":[197],"seconds":[198],"this":[201,267],"over":[203],"arbitrary":[205],"input.":[206],"are":[208,274],"also":[209,284],"able":[210],"32-bit":[214,241],"53":[218],"bits":[219],"7":[223],"minutes":[224],"obfuscated":[228],"43":[231],"milliseconds":[232],"commodity":[235],"desktop":[236],"computer,":[237],"which":[238,257],"implies":[239],"already":[245],"practical.":[246],"graph-induced":[248],"(directed)":[249],"encoding":[250],"runs":[252],"up":[253],"25":[255],"levels,":[256],"higher":[259],"previously":[261],"reported":[262],"literature":[265],"for":[266,287],"encoding.":[268],"applicable":[275],"obfuscating":[277],"compute-and-compare":[280],"cryptographic":[289],"schemes":[290],"lattice":[293],"trapdoors.":[294]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-08T07:41:39.490200","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
