{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2116128511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.1986.10001","title":"On Access Checking in Capability-Based Systems","display_name":"On Access Checking in Capability-Based Systems","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2116128511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.1986.10001","mag":"2116128511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sp.1986.10001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.1986.10001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1986 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048057857","display_name":"Richard Y. Kain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800403580","display_name":"University of Minnesota System","ror":"https://ror.org/03grvy078","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Y. Kain","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800403580"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071443789","display_name":"Carl E. Landwehr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5824-1697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carl E. Landwehr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Research Laboratory","Naval Research laboratory"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Research Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Research laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"95","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9591000080108643,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9591000080108643,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9574000239372253,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9503999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7788814306259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copying","display_name":"Copying","score":0.6874607801437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/casual","display_name":"Casual","score":0.6355465650558472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enforcement","display_name":"Enforcement","score":0.5955910682678223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.5772868394851685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5239934325218201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-control","display_name":"Access control","score":0.5233353972434998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4588596820831299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authorization","display_name":"Authorization","score":0.4299449324607849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33887726068496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.32506805658340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.185854971408844}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7788814306259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779151265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156791","display_name":"Copying","level":2,"score":0.6874607801437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2275793","display_name":"Casual","level":2,"score":0.6355465650558472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.5955910682678223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5772868394851685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5239934325218201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527821871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228502","display_name":"Access control","level":2,"score":0.5233353972434998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4588596820831299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108759981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788590","display_name":"Authorization","level":2,"score":0.4299449324607849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33887726068496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.32506805658340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.185854971408844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sp.1986.10001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sp.1986.10001","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1986 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3122130159","https://openalex.org/W2123296434","https://openalex.org/W2555738791","https://openalex.org/W4298042445","https://openalex.org/W2104547074","https://openalex.org/W2132693790","https://openalex.org/W2367441718","https://openalex.org/W2017675414","https://openalex.org/W2017616439","https://openalex.org/W4390045902"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Public":[0],"descriptions":[1],"of":[2,16,74,80,91],"capability-based":[3,75],"system":[4,45],"designs":[5,92,101],"often":[6],"do":[7,103],"not":[8],"clarify":[9],"the":[10,14,20,39,53,58,78,85,96],"necessary":[11],"details":[12],"concerning":[13],"propagation":[15],"access":[17],"rights":[18],"within":[19],"systems.":[21],"A":[22,44],"casual":[23],"reader":[24],"may":[25],"assume":[26],"that":[27,93,102],"it":[28],"is":[29],"adequate":[30],"for":[31,41],"capabilities":[32],"to":[33],"be":[34],"psssed":[35],"in":[36],"accordance":[37],"with":[38],"rules":[40,98],"data":[42],"copying.":[43],"using":[46],"such":[47],"a":[48,72,89],"rule":[49],"cannot":[50,94],"enforce":[51,95],"either":[52],"military":[54],"security":[55],"policy":[56],"or":[57],"Bell":[59],"and":[60,70,99],"LaPadula":[61],"rules.":[62],"The":[63],"paper":[64],"shows":[65],"why":[66],"this":[67],"problem":[68],"arises":[69],"provides":[71],"taxonomy":[73,86],"designs.":[76],"Within":[77],"space":[79],"design":[81],"options":[82],"defined":[83],"by":[84],"we":[87],"identify":[88],"class":[90],"Bell-LaPadula":[97],"two":[100],"allow":[104],"their":[105],"enforcement.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}