{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2106925142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/soli.2009.5204032","title":"An empirical comparison of five efficient heuristics for Maximal Covering Location Problems","display_name":"An empirical comparison of five efficient heuristics for Maximal Covering Location Problems","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2106925142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/soli.2009.5204032","mag":"2106925142"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/soli.2009.5204032","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/soli.2009.5204032","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE/INFORMS International Conference on Service Operations, Logistics and Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100445622","display_name":"Xia Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3050-8529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126794","display_name":"IBM Research (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg1pf55","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044334000","display_name":"Ming Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4996-4153"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126794","display_name":"IBM Research (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg1pf55","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032835375","display_name":"Weida Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weida Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Department of automation,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of automation,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103125729","display_name":"Jinyan Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8820-4072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126794","display_name":"IBM Research (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg1pf55","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyan Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101087738","display_name":"Wenjun Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3456-6867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126794","display_name":"IBM Research (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg1pf55","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjun Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069874950","display_name":"Jin Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1131-6396"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126794","display_name":"IBM Research (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/02yg1pf55","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126794"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM China Research Laboratory, Diamond Building, Zhongguancun Software Park, Beijing 100193, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.6085,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95785714,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"747","last_page":"753"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11502","display_name":"Facility Location and Emergency Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.747275710105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tabu-search","display_name":"Tabu search","score":0.7314909100532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6880790591239929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulated-annealing","display_name":"Simulated annealing","score":0.6834650635719299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6263917684555054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facility-location-problem","display_name":"Facility location problem","score":0.5676274299621582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.5576629638671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.5465131402015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greedy-algorithm","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","score":0.5047591924667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.46242421865463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-search","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","score":0.4494834840297699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorial-optimization","display_name":"Combinatorial optimization","score":0.4218965172767639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22998332977294922}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.747275710105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123370116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424540","display_name":"Tabu search","level":2,"score":0.7314909100532532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6880790591239929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.6834650635719299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6263917684555054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108005400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1305598","display_name":"Facility location problem","level":2,"score":0.5676274299621582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5576629638671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.5465131402015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51823790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504353","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5047591924667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.46242421865463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135320971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868524","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","level":2,"score":0.4494834840297699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52692508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333872","display_name":"Combinatorial optimization","level":2,"score":0.4218965172767639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22998332977294922}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/soli.2009.5204032","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/soli.2009.5204032","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE/INFORMS International Conference on Service Operations, Logistics and Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W98137287","https://openalex.org/W1482186473","https://openalex.org/W1983887603","https://openalex.org/W1995714897","https://openalex.org/W1999590614","https://openalex.org/W2006819657","https://openalex.org/W2013634794","https://openalex.org/W2017705568","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2026722797","https://openalex.org/W2041085006","https://openalex.org/W2042131040","https://openalex.org/W2044478148","https://openalex.org/W2050000782","https://openalex.org/W2057518891","https://openalex.org/W2062466545","https://openalex.org/W2062545539","https://openalex.org/W2062999054","https://openalex.org/W2070494355","https://openalex.org/W2073160629","https://openalex.org/W2075910004","https://openalex.org/W2091555994","https://openalex.org/W2101240310","https://openalex.org/W2104670598","https://openalex.org/W2116725038","https://openalex.org/W2122448542","https://openalex.org/W2171776966","https://openalex.org/W2195412851","https://openalex.org/W2570178494","https://openalex.org/W3023540311","https://openalex.org/W4238107244","https://openalex.org/W4241218308","https://openalex.org/W4246598646","https://openalex.org/W4254220436","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302422232","https://openalex.org/W6604011356"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533229056","https://openalex.org/W2329077287","https://openalex.org/W2676157946","https://openalex.org/W1491456715","https://openalex.org/W1979763505","https://openalex.org/W1555693598","https://openalex.org/W2003207175","https://openalex.org/W2057010620","https://openalex.org/W2726888863","https://openalex.org/W2519041592"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Facility":[0],"location":[1,33],"decision":[2],"is":[3,25],"a":[4,11,84,128],"critical":[5],"element":[6],"in":[7,127,143,161],"strategic":[8],"planning":[9],"for":[10,31,79,174],"wide":[12],"range":[13],"of":[14,27,41,69,77,87,98,177],"public":[15],"sector":[16],"and":[17,113,147],"business":[18],"world.":[19],"Maximal":[20],"Covering":[21],"Location":[22],"Problem":[23],"(MCLP)":[24],"one":[26],"the":[28,49,53,63,75,95,152,157],"well-known":[29],"models":[30],"facility":[32],"problems.":[34,178],"Algorithms":[35],"to":[36,74,141],"optimally":[37],"solve":[38],"this":[39,91,175],"kind":[40,176],"practical":[42],"operational":[43],"management":[44],"problem":[45],"often":[46,170],"suffer":[47],"from":[48],"combinatorial":[50,145],"explosion":[51],"when":[52],"system":[54],"size":[55],"increases.":[56],"In":[57,90],"these":[58],"cases,":[59],"heuristic":[60,101],"methods":[61],"are":[62],"only":[64],"viable":[65],"alternative.":[66],"A":[67],"lot":[68],"work":[70],"has":[71],"been":[72],"devoted":[73],"study":[76],"heuristics":[78],"MCLP.":[80],"But":[81],"there":[82],"lacks":[83],"complete":[85],"comparison":[86],"different":[88],"methods.":[89],"paper,":[92],"we":[93,163],"compare":[94],"relative":[96],"performance":[97],"five":[99,158],"efficient":[100],"methods:":[102],"Greed-Add,":[103],"Interchange,":[104],"Efficient":[105,109,114,148,167],"Genetic":[106],"Algorithm":[107],"(GA),":[108],"Tabu":[110],"Search":[111],"(TS),":[112],"Simulated":[115],"Annealing":[116],"(SA).":[117],"The":[118],"results":[119],"indicate:":[120],"Greedy-Add":[121],"can":[122],"achieve":[123],"relatively":[124],"good":[125],"solutions":[126],"very":[129],"short":[130],"time;":[131],"GA-based":[132],"algorithm":[133],"performs":[134],"not":[135],"as":[136,138],"successfully":[137],"it":[139],"used":[140],"do":[142],"most":[144],"problems;":[146],"SA":[149,168],"always":[150],"gets":[151],"best":[153],"solution":[154],"among":[155],"all":[156],"algorithms.":[159],"Thus,":[160],"general":[162],"may":[164],"conclude":[165],"that":[166],"should":[169],"be":[171],"tried":[172],"first":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}