{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4304140674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/socc56010.2022.9908121","title":"A Stochastic Coding Method of EEG Signals for Sleep Stage Classification","display_name":"A Stochastic Coding Method of EEG Signals for Sleep Stage Classification","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4304140674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/socc56010.2022.9908121"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/socc56010.2022.9908121","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/socc56010.2022.9908121","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 35th International System-on-Chip Conference (SOCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054574728","display_name":"Guangxian Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3340-4789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangxian Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007820629","display_name":"Huijia Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3014-1061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huijia Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051037426","display_name":"Yirong Kan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4070-0672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yirong Kan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100370636","display_name":"Zheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6776-7159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98285908","display_name":"The University of Osaka","ror":"https://ror.org/035t8zc32","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osaka University,Graduate School of Engineering Science,Japan","Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osaka University,Graduate School of Engineering Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98285908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074416574","display_name":"Ming Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7833-7805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011663186","display_name":"Md. Altaf-Ul-Amin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6250-5133"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MD. Amin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083778139","display_name":"Naoaki Ono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7722-055X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naoaki Ono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046567908","display_name":"Shigehiko Kanaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2147-6900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shigehiko Kanaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101464173","display_name":"Renyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-2077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074853381","display_name":"Yasuhiko Nakashima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-5061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75917431","display_name":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bhada84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasuhiko Nakashima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nara Institute of Science and Technology,Division of Information Science,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75917431"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2367,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51207319,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.8427038192749023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7624000310897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.575218915939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5315976142883301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.48446202278137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-stages","display_name":"Sleep Stages","score":0.4725995659828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-coding","display_name":"Neural coding","score":0.4341670274734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4272480607032776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32633477449417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polysomnography","display_name":"Polysomnography","score":0.14135950803756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10875633358955383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09437885880470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.08927100896835327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.8427038192749023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7624000310897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.575218915939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5315976142883301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.48446202278137207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910364982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35831","display_name":"Sleep Stages","level":4,"score":0.4725995659828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77637269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7002051","display_name":"Neural coding","level":2,"score":0.4341670274734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4272480607032776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32633477449417114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754874","display_name":"Polysomnography","level":3,"score":0.14135950803756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10875633358955383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09437885880470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.08927100896835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/socc56010.2022.9908121","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/socc56010.2022.9908121","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 35th International System-on-Chip Conference (SOCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93780730","https://openalex.org/W639519145","https://openalex.org/W2005791255","https://openalex.org/W2078718207","https://openalex.org/W2115295545","https://openalex.org/W2151315308","https://openalex.org/W2163922914","https://openalex.org/W2253171278","https://openalex.org/W2790471600","https://openalex.org/W2915893085","https://openalex.org/W2994347888","https://openalex.org/W3010188900","https://openalex.org/W3100444523","https://openalex.org/W3113968749","https://openalex.org/W3116615529","https://openalex.org/W3153856653","https://openalex.org/W4205350698","https://openalex.org/W4223436066","https://openalex.org/W4225163014","https://openalex.org/W4226008182","https://openalex.org/W6785661837","https://openalex.org/W6809721559"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3034924094","https://openalex.org/W3094954546","https://openalex.org/W1488708774","https://openalex.org/W1982811510","https://openalex.org/W4391100477","https://openalex.org/W2402189625","https://openalex.org/W4327779705","https://openalex.org/W4310560702","https://openalex.org/W1513698804","https://openalex.org/W2065250766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,142,165],"recording":[1],"of":[2,7,22,47,76,93,105,112,167,194],"fired":[3],"action":[4],"potentials":[5],"(spikes)":[6],"brain":[8],"neurons,":[9],"also":[10],"known":[11],"as":[12,50,67],"spike":[13,38,51],"trains,":[14],"is":[15,31,145],"considered":[16],"to":[17,42],"be":[18],"the":[19,26,32,43,90,110,126,131,148,177,190],"primary":[20],"mode":[21],"information":[23],"transmission":[24],"in":[25,61,176,201],"nervous":[27],"system.":[28],"Electroencephalography":[29],"(EEG)":[30],"most":[33],"direct":[34],"sampling":[35],"method":[36,104,144],"for":[37,108,156,198],"trains.":[39],"However,":[40],"due":[41],"inherent":[44],"biological":[45,91],"properties":[46,92],"neurons":[48],"such":[49],"randomness,":[52],"timing":[53],"dynamic,":[54],"and":[55,85,122,134,151,172,182],"noisy":[56],"containment,":[57],"there":[58],"are":[59],"challenges":[60],"EEG-related":[62],"physiological":[63],"identification":[64],"tasks":[65],"(such":[66],"sleep":[68,113,162],"staging,":[69],"epilepsy":[70],"detection,":[71],"etc.).":[72],"Traditional":[73],"feature":[74],"engineering":[75],"EEG":[77,106,127,195],"has":[78,196],"a":[79,138],"tendency":[80],"toward":[81],"deterministic":[82,192],"statistical":[83],"analysis":[84],"inference,":[86],"which":[87],"often":[88],"ignores":[89],"neurons.":[94],"In":[95],"this":[96],"paper,":[97],"we":[98,129],"propose":[99],"an":[100],"innovative":[101],"non-deterministic":[102],"coding":[103,143,193],"signals":[107,133],"improving":[109],"performance":[111],"stage":[114],"classification":[115,140],"tasks.":[116],"By":[117],"local":[118],"normalization,":[119],"probabilistic":[120],"sampling,":[121],"window":[123],"projection":[124],"on":[125,147],"signals,":[128],"discretize":[130],"continuous":[132],"feed":[135],"them":[136],"into":[137],"subsequent":[139],"model.":[141],"tested":[146],"public":[149],"datasets":[150],"typical":[152],"deep":[153],"learning":[154],"models":[155],"EEG.":[157],"Our":[158,186],"proposal":[159],"achieved":[160],"competitive":[161],"staging":[163],"results.":[164],"precision":[166],"0.95,":[168],"0.84,":[169],"0.92,":[170],"0.98,":[171],"0.85":[173],"were":[174],"obtained":[175],"Wake,":[178],"N1,":[179],"N2,":[180],"N3,":[181],"REM":[183],"stages,":[184],"respectively.":[185],"research":[187],"shows":[188],"that":[189],"non-":[191],"potential":[197],"further":[199],"application":[200],"biomedical":[202],"devices.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}