{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2902188296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/snams.2018.8554896","title":"The Canonical Model of Structure for Data Extraction in Systematic Reviews of Scientific Research Articles","display_name":"The Canonical Model of Structure for Data Extraction in Systematic Reviews of Scientific Research Articles","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2902188296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/snams.2018.8554896","mag":"2902188296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/snams.2018.8554896","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/snams.2018.8554896","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 Fifth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security (SNAMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108364307","display_name":"Muhammad Bello Aliyu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","display_name":"Coventry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgmhj36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Bello Aliyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001354034","display_name":"Rahat Iqbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3475-3030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","display_name":"Coventry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgmhj36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahat Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082060220","display_name":"Anne James","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9274-7803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne James","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108364307"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66945788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"264","last_page":"271"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9620000123977661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7675571441650391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-extraction","display_name":"Data extraction","score":0.5731595754623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5711644887924194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/section","display_name":"Section (typography)","score":0.564620852470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.5542303919792175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.48846498131752014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.485147088766098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4759811460971832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.45485734939575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.44948726892471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4381021559238434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38306599855422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10944044589996338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08229735493659973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7675571441650391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777466982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227287","display_name":"Data extraction","level":3,"score":0.5731595754623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5711644887924194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780129039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931107","display_name":"Section (typography)","level":2,"score":0.564620852470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.5542303919792175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.48846498131752014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.485147088766098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4759811460971832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.45485734939575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.44948726892471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4381021559238434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38306599855422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10944044589996338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08229735493659973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/snams.2018.8554896","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/snams.2018.8554896","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 Fifth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security (SNAMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/b10f31e6-1ed2-4417-b7f9-1c6e1e8dfce4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pureportal.coventry.ac.uk/en/publications/b10f31e6-1ed2-4417-b7f9-1c6e1e8dfce4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402411","display_name":"Pure (Coventry University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","host_organization_name":"Coventry University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Muhammad, B A, Iqbal, R & James, A 2018, The Canonical Model of Structure for Data Extraction in Systematic Reviews of Scientific Research Articles. in 2018 Fifth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security (SNAMS) . IEEE Computer Society, pp. 264 - 271, Fifth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security, Valencia, Spain, 15/10/18. https://doi.org/10.1109/SNAMS.2018.8554896","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43033716","https://openalex.org/W198074091","https://openalex.org/W212864694","https://openalex.org/W1629765770","https://openalex.org/W1965159261","https://openalex.org/W1972244026","https://openalex.org/W1973251307","https://openalex.org/W2011047397","https://openalex.org/W2015097699","https://openalex.org/W2020959315","https://openalex.org/W2025274780","https://openalex.org/W2027864297","https://openalex.org/W2032570581","https://openalex.org/W2032860265","https://openalex.org/W2067284187","https://openalex.org/W2072419837","https://openalex.org/W2079262584","https://openalex.org/W2080604584","https://openalex.org/W2094897889","https://openalex.org/W2097198341","https://openalex.org/W2106101484","https://openalex.org/W2113035899","https://openalex.org/W2119409396","https://openalex.org/W2125475270","https://openalex.org/W2144326572","https://openalex.org/W2147994374","https://openalex.org/W2167131601","https://openalex.org/W2402141409","https://openalex.org/W2406162673","https://openalex.org/W2585449608","https://openalex.org/W2769202530","https://openalex.org/W4240167644","https://openalex.org/W4247781538","https://openalex.org/W4313371821","https://openalex.org/W6601723208","https://openalex.org/W6608119200","https://openalex.org/W6608634679","https://openalex.org/W6658392016","https://openalex.org/W6684834874","https://openalex.org/W6746348482"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2560853036","https://openalex.org/W2000785801","https://openalex.org/W986318368","https://openalex.org/W2384410913","https://openalex.org/W2566696415","https://openalex.org/W2352878646","https://openalex.org/W2004734601","https://openalex.org/W2130149817","https://openalex.org/W2990194547","https://openalex.org/W4309067354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,84],"systematic":[1,52],"review":[2],"activity":[3,11],"is":[4,43],"time-consuming,":[5],"error":[6],"prone":[7],"and":[8,25,37,71,91],"labour":[9],"intensive":[10],"due":[12],"to":[13,108,138],"the":[14,39,63,110,115,128,133,140,146],"manual":[15],"processes":[16],"involved;":[17],"with":[18],"data":[19,49],"extraction":[20,50,76],"being":[21],"an":[22,120],"extremely":[23],"difficult":[24],"cognitively":[26],"demanding":[27],"process.":[28],"Automation":[29],"can":[30],"save":[31],"a":[32,57,68,72],"significant":[33],"amount":[34],"of":[35,60,62,77,122,127,143,145],"time":[36],"reduces":[38],"workload.":[40],"However,":[41],"there":[42],"no":[44],"unified":[45,69],"approach":[46,70,105,118],"for":[47,74],"automatic":[48],"in":[51,132],"reviews.":[53],"This":[54,117],"paper":[55],"presents":[56],"canonical":[58,141],"model":[59,85,142],"structure":[61,144],"papers":[64],"that":[65],"serves":[66],"as":[67],"foundation":[73],"subsequent":[75],"information":[78],"from":[79,114],"scientific":[80],"research":[81,101],"articles":[82],"automatically.":[83],"was":[86,106,136],"developed":[87],"using":[88],"text":[89],"mining":[90],"natural":[92],"language":[93],"processing":[94],"techniques":[95],"on":[96],"one":[97],"thousand":[98],"(1000)":[99],"published":[100],"papers.":[102,116,147],"A":[103,124],"novel":[104],"used":[107,137],"identify":[109],"various":[111],"section":[112,134],"headings":[113,135],"achieved":[119],"accuracy":[121],"82%.":[123],"statistical":[125],"analysis":[126],"most":[129],"frequent":[130],"words/phrases":[131],"build":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-22T08:38:42.863108","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}