{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2891362102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/snams.2018.8554834","title":"Handwriting Styles: Benchmarks and Evaluation Metrics","display_name":"Handwriting Styles: Benchmarks and Evaluation Metrics","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2891362102","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/snams.2018.8554834","mag":"2891362102"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/snams.2018.8554834","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/snams.2018.8554834","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 Fifth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security (SNAMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.00862","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058458310","display_name":"Omar Mohammed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-307X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124956","display_name":"Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique","ror":"https://ror.org/02wrme198","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Omar Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, GIPSA-lab, Grenoble, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, GIPSA-lab, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071432574","display_name":"G\u00e9rard Bailly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-0818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124956","display_name":"Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique","ror":"https://ror.org/02wrme198","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerard Bailly","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, GIPSA-lab, Grenoble, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, GIPSA-lab, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124956","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050184071","display_name":"Damien Pellier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3791-8985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104430","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/01c8rcg82","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210104430","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damien Pellier","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIG - Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIG - Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104430","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058458310"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210124956"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09671233,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"abs 1803 9017","issue":null,"first_page":"159","last_page":"166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwriting","display_name":"Handwriting","score":0.8591268062591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8445885181427002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6378934383392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6124264597892761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5892778635025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5830009579658508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5484814643859863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.5173832178115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4732818305492401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4694352149963379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.43522346019744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4100872874259949}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779386606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393642","display_name":"Handwriting","level":2,"score":0.8591268062591553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8445885181427002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6378934383392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6124264597892761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5892778635025024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5830009579658508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5484814643859863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5173832178115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4732818305492401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4694352149963379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.43522346019744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4100872874259949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/snams.2018.8554834","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/snams.2018.8554834","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 Fifth International Conference on Social Networks Analysis, Management and Security (SNAMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1809.00862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1809.00862","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.00862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1809.00862","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1809.00862","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.00862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W196214544","https://openalex.org/W648786980","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1579853615","https://openalex.org/W1810943226","https://openalex.org/W1895577753","https://openalex.org/W1905882502","https://openalex.org/W1916559533","https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W1956340063","https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W1973720377","https://openalex.org/W2007714563","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2077863651","https://openalex.org/W2097039814","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2123301721","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2170633497","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2267126114","https://openalex.org/W2519091744","https://openalex.org/W2794490148","https://openalex.org/W2949382160","https://openalex.org/W2949888546","https://openalex.org/W2950304420","https://openalex.org/W2951004968","https://openalex.org/W2953250761","https://openalex.org/W2953318193","https://openalex.org/W2963702081","https://openalex.org/W2963927338","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W3099206234","https://openalex.org/W3099425575","https://openalex.org/W3211848854","https://openalex.org/W4252684946","https://openalex.org/W4295731579","https://openalex.org/W4299562648","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6607974698","https://openalex.org/W6674500526","https://openalex.org/W6678262379","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6898505805"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2388180914","https://openalex.org/W2063708026","https://openalex.org/W2507888814","https://openalex.org/W3118925046","https://openalex.org/W2381764175","https://openalex.org/W2561540377","https://openalex.org/W2360066868","https://openalex.org/W3084909207","https://openalex.org/W1694630026","https://openalex.org/W4385572368"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evaluating":[0],"the":[1,81,113,123,141],"style":[2,50],"of":[3,47,125],"handwriting":[4,49,135],"generation":[5],"is":[6,11,16,88,128],"a":[7,17],"challenging":[8],"problem,\\nsince":[9],"it":[10],"not":[12],"well":[13],"defined.":[14],"It":[15],"key":[18],"component":[19],"in":[20,38,94,133,137,145],"order":[21,39],"to":[22,40,43,73,90,104],"develop":[23],"in\\ndeveloping":[24],"systems":[25],"with":[26,30,83],"more":[27],"personalized":[28],"experiences":[29],"humans.":[31],"In":[32,115],"this\\npaper,":[33],"we":[34,102,108,111,118],"propose":[35,98],"baseline":[36],"benchmarks,":[37],"set":[41],"anchors":[42],"estimate":[44],"the\\nrelative":[45],"quality":[46],"different":[48],"methods.":[51],"This":[52],"will":[53],"be":[54],"done\\nusing":[55],"deep":[56],"learning":[57,66,68],"techniques,":[58],"which":[59,87,101],"have":[60],"shown":[61],"remarkable":[62],"results":[63],"in\\ndifferent":[64],"machine":[65],"tasks,":[67],"classification,":[69],"regression,":[70],"and":[71,107],"most\\nrelevant":[72],"our":[74,85,126,144],"work,":[75],"generating":[76,134],"temporal":[77],"sequences.":[78],"We":[79,96],"discuss":[80,109],"challenges\\nassociated":[82],"evaluating":[84],"methods,":[86],"related":[89],"evaluation":[91,99],"of\\ngenerative":[92],"models":[93],"general.":[95],"then":[97],"metrics,":[100],"find\\nrelevant":[103],"this":[105,116],"problem,":[106],"how":[110],"evaluate":[112],"evaluation\\nmetrics.":[114],"study,":[117],"use":[119],"IRON-OFF":[120],"dataset.":[121],"To":[122],"best":[124],"knowledge,\\nthere":[127],"no":[129],"work":[130],"done":[131],"before":[132],"(either":[136],"terms":[138],"of\\nmethodology":[139],"or":[140],"performance":[142],"metrics),":[143],"exploring":[146],"styles":[147],"using":[148],"this\\ndataset.\\n":[149]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T09:26:11.010843","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
