{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391306303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394536","title":"Research on MacBERT-Based Multi-Type Questions Extractive Machine Reading Comprehension","display_name":"Research on MacBERT-Based Multi-Type Questions Extractive Machine Reading Comprehension","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391306303","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394536"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394536","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100673283","display_name":"Xingxing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4437-5229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22046295","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0497ase59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xingxing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia Normal University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Hohhot,China","College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia Normal University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102674470","display_name":"Yue Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5589-1598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22046295","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0497ase59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia Normal University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Hohhot,China","College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia Normal University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100363317","display_name":"Yanling Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9700-8978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22046295","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0497ase59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanling Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia Normal University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Hohhot,China","College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia Normal University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102824347","display_name":"Fengpei Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9350-9784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengpei Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Library Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China","Library Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Library Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Library Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089901619","display_name":"Yaohui Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4915-7728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94611258","display_name":"Hebei Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/004rbbw49","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaohui Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei Normal University,College of Physics,Shijiazhuang,China","College of Physics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei Normal University,College of Physics,Shijiazhuang,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Physics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054756979","display_name":"Sukun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-1362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22046295","display_name":"Inner Mongolia Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0497ase59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sukun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Inner Mongolia Normal University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Hohhot,China","College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inner Mongolia Normal University,College of Computer Science and Technology,Hohhot,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100673283"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22046295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.174,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60471524,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"82","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.95169997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7998347282409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.7105796337127686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.6906884908676147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"Reading comprehension","score":0.657604992389679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6122938394546509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5857341885566711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.5026583671569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5006721019744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.49759986996650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.450738787651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.41376444697380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.09598404169082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07084104418754578}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7998347282409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.7105796337127686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.6906884908676147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.657604992389679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6122938394546509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5857341885566711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.5026583671569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5006721019744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.49759986996650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.450738787651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41376444697380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.09598404169082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07084104418754578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394536","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2187866988","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12204062,61806103,61562068","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495683013","https://openalex.org/W2121300346","https://openalex.org/W2144499799","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2740747242","https://openalex.org/W2771472444","https://openalex.org/W2890152674","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2897356710","https://openalex.org/W2962739339","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2981133359","https://openalex.org/W2996428491","https://openalex.org/W2997759614","https://openalex.org/W3021636956","https://openalex.org/W3102725307","https://openalex.org/W3106031450","https://openalex.org/W3176851559","https://openalex.org/W3191230274","https://openalex.org/W4205137784","https://openalex.org/W4226278401","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6632455782","https://openalex.org/W6636510571","https://openalex.org/W6678890848","https://openalex.org/W6729654139","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6746261267","https://openalex.org/W6754340399","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6766673545","https://openalex.org/W6768021236","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W6787566904","https://openalex.org/W6810738896"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3162204513","https://openalex.org/W2371138613","https://openalex.org/W2048963458","https://openalex.org/W43109613","https://openalex.org/W2359952343","https://openalex.org/W2082438799","https://openalex.org/W2082296339","https://openalex.org/W2161828220","https://openalex.org/W1972348076","https://openalex.org/W2083863157"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,66],"proposed":[4,35,109],"a":[5],"multi-layer":[6,46],"pre-training":[7],"approach":[8],"to":[9,49,75],"overcoming":[10],"the":[11,38,51,81,96,103,108],"limitations":[12],"of":[13,53,80,127],"extractive":[14],"machine":[15],"reading":[16],"comprehension":[17],"(EMRC)":[18],"in":[19,24,117,122,125],"capturing":[20],"global":[21],"semantic":[22],"information":[23],"depth":[25],"and":[26,32,45,63,73,91,120],"facilitating":[27],"deep":[28],"interaction":[29],"between":[30],"text":[31],"questions.":[33],"The":[34,85],"framework":[36],"adopted":[37],"Masked-Language":[39],"Model":[40],"correction":[41],"BERT":[42],"(MacBERT)":[43],"model":[44,87],"perception":[47],"(MLP)":[48],"predict":[50],"probability":[52],"each":[54],"location":[55],"as":[56],"an":[57],"answer.":[58],"To":[59],"address":[60],"span-extractive,":[61],"unanswerable":[62],"YES/NO":[64],"questions,":[65],"employed":[67],"Bi-directional":[68],"long":[69],"short-term":[70],"memory":[71],"(BiLSTM)":[72],"self-attention":[74],"create":[76],"different":[77],"targeted":[78],"layers":[79],"neural":[82],"network":[83],"model.":[84],"novel":[86],"exhibits":[88],"robust":[89],"generalization":[90],"interactive":[92],"extraction":[93],"capability.":[94],"With":[95],"Chinese":[97],"Judicial":[98],"Reading":[99],"Comprehension":[100],"(CJRC)":[101],"dataset,":[102],"experimental":[104],"results":[105],"show":[106],"that":[107],"algorithm":[110],"brings":[111],"significant":[112],"performance":[113],"improvement":[114],"by":[115],"3.5%":[116],"civil":[118],"cases":[119,124],"4.9%":[121],"criminal":[123],"terms":[126],"F1":[128],"score.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}