{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391307741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394214","title":"Time-Efficient Weapon-Target Assignment by Actor-Critic Reinforcement","display_name":"Time-Efficient Weapon-Target Assignment by Actor-Critic Reinforcement","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391307741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394214","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394214","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108897093","display_name":"Muhyun Byun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhyun Byun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial and Systems Engineering, KAIST,Daejeon,Republic of Korea","Industrial and Systems Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial and Systems Engineering, KAIST,Daejeon,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial and Systems Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049306419","display_name":"Hyungho Na","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7687-2513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyungho Na","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aerospace Engineering, KAIST,Daejeon,Republic of Korea","Aerospace Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering, KAIST,Daejeon,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aerospace Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017589963","display_name":"Il\u2010Chul Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1798-1306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"IL-Chul Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial and Systems Engineering, KAIST,Daejeon,Republic of Korea","Industrial and Systems Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial and Systems Engineering, KAIST,Daejeon,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial and Systems Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"1419","last_page":"1424"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13371","display_name":"Military Defense Systems Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13371","display_name":"Military Defense Systems Analysis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12158","display_name":"Guidance and Control Systems","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.8408194780349731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7759415507316589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.7305923700332642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6539280414581299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6122410893440247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space","display_name":"State space","score":0.4509413540363312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.370159387588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08630913496017456}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.8408194780349731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7759415507316589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.7305923700332642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6539280414581299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6122410893440247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72434380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230930","display_name":"State space","level":2,"score":0.4509413540363312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.370159387588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08630913496017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394214","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc53992.2023.10394214","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2792835908","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UD200043CD","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334874","funder_display_name":"Defense Acquisition Program Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334874","display_name":"Defense Acquisition Program Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/04bjg9m96"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553036855","https://openalex.org/W1603595726","https://openalex.org/W1978963139","https://openalex.org/W1990474526","https://openalex.org/W2011284091","https://openalex.org/W2012840525","https://openalex.org/W2053044298","https://openalex.org/W2155027007","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2407386500","https://openalex.org/W2783738786","https://openalex.org/W2799796486","https://openalex.org/W3113071899","https://openalex.org/W3185921569","https://openalex.org/W4200001504","https://openalex.org/W4205565317","https://openalex.org/W4220934926","https://openalex.org/W4298857966","https://openalex.org/W4310026394","https://openalex.org/W6637967152","https://openalex.org/W6683204974","https://openalex.org/W6685444567","https://openalex.org/W7058083122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W2138720691","https://openalex.org/W4362501864","https://openalex.org/W4380318855","https://openalex.org/W2031695474","https://openalex.org/W4225571923","https://openalex.org/W3212257828","https://openalex.org/W4297873223","https://openalex.org/W2350784623","https://openalex.org/W2126211886"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,44],"paper":[1,45],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,73],"time-efficient":[4,39],"model":[5,77],"for":[6],"solving":[7],"the":[8,33,47,52,65,88,92,98,102],"Weapon-target":[9],"assignment":[10],"(WTA)":[11],"problem":[12],"with":[13],"actor-critic":[14,48],"reinforcement":[15],"learning.":[16],"While":[17],"typical":[18],"heuristic":[19,108],"algorithms":[20],"and":[21,55,101],"recently":[22],"studied":[23],"artificial":[24],"neural":[25,75],"network":[26,76],"methodologies":[27],"have":[28],"shown":[29],"good":[30],"performance":[31],"results,":[32],"previous":[34,66],"approach":[35],"has":[36],"not":[37],"been":[38],"in":[40],"large-scale":[41],"WTA":[42,53,93],"problems.":[43],"utilizes":[46],"framework":[49,57],"to":[50,83,86,106],"resolve":[51],"problem,":[54],"this":[56],"enables":[58],"retrieving":[59],"solutions":[60],"23":[61],"times":[62],"faster":[63],"than":[64],"deep":[67],"Q-network":[68],"approach.":[69],"Additionally,":[70],"we":[71],"incorporate":[72],"recurrent":[74,80],"of":[78,91],"gated":[79],"units":[81],"(GRU)":[82],"allow":[84],"agents":[85],"learn":[87],"latent":[89],"state-space":[90],"problem.":[94],"Our":[95],"experiments":[96],"demonstrate":[97],"solution":[99],"quality":[100],"time":[103],"efficiency":[104],"compared":[105],"traditional":[107],"methods":[109],"as":[110,112],"well":[111],"recent":[113],"DQN-based":[114],"RL":[115],"models.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
