{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309374889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945587","title":"Multiway Bidirectional Attention and External Knowledge for Multiple-choice Reading Comprehension","display_name":"Multiway Bidirectional Attention and External Knowledge for Multiple-choice Reading Comprehension","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309374889","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607746","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062537089","display_name":"Dongsheng Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8001-6461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dongsheng Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403816","display_name":"Xiaotong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5013-8476"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaotong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019945169","display_name":"Xinyi Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5062-0756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyi Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116592774","display_name":"Yi Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2730-9553"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101902224","display_name":"Yuming Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6702-2795"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuming Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101819099","display_name":"Kang Xi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9085-5253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District,College of computer science,Chongqing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of computer science, Chongqing University No.174 ShaZheng Street, ShaPingBa District, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062537089"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12594268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"694","last_page":"699"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.852296769618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adapter","display_name":"Adapter (computing)","score":0.6988290548324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.6145085096359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"Reading comprehension","score":0.6105289459228516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5511932373046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-understanding","display_name":"Natural language understanding","score":0.5366626977920532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5214354395866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.49820852279663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.4446408450603485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-understanding","display_name":"Language understanding","score":0.44385984539985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4344594180583954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.42660757899284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11316114664077759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.08641749620437622}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.852296769618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177284502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1005390","display_name":"Adapter (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6988290548324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.6145085096359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.6105289459228516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5511932373046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.5366626977920532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5214354395866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.49820852279663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.4446408450603485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983448237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Language understanding","level":2,"score":0.44385984539985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4344594180583954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.42660757899284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11316114664077759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.08641749620437622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945587","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607746","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566289585","https://openalex.org/W2125436846","https://openalex.org/W2516196286","https://openalex.org/W2739749670","https://openalex.org/W2740747242","https://openalex.org/W2785611959","https://openalex.org/W2789078277","https://openalex.org/W2799187742","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2949615363","https://openalex.org/W2962809918","https://openalex.org/W2963344337","https://openalex.org/W2963371565","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2963963993","https://openalex.org/W2964303773","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2970780738","https://openalex.org/W2979826702","https://openalex.org/W2998579922","https://openalex.org/W3002072934","https://openalex.org/W3098266846","https://openalex.org/W3100283070","https://openalex.org/W3104486441","https://openalex.org/W3175604467","https://openalex.org/W4205192627","https://openalex.org/W6632455782","https://openalex.org/W6678890848","https://openalex.org/W6732742072","https://openalex.org/W6741730259","https://openalex.org/W6748344979","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6759579507","https://openalex.org/W6766673545","https://openalex.org/W6773813506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321593827","https://openalex.org/W4288263119","https://openalex.org/W3015724364","https://openalex.org/W2967994095","https://openalex.org/W2966892770","https://openalex.org/W2995923603","https://openalex.org/W4285240985","https://openalex.org/W2900126711","https://openalex.org/W4389010498","https://openalex.org/W2048025304"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Teaching":[0],"machines":[1],"to":[2,49],"understand":[3,28],"human":[4],"language":[5],"is":[6,19,68,78],"one":[7],"of":[8,53],"the":[9,81,87],"most":[10],"elusive":[11],"challenges":[12],"in":[13,23],"artificial":[14],"intelligence.":[15],"Machine":[16],"reading":[17,36],"comprehension":[18,37],"a":[20,34,45],"crucial":[21],"task":[22],"evaluating":[24],"how":[25],"computer":[26],"systems":[27],"natural":[29],"language.":[30],"This":[31,60],"study":[32],"presents":[33],"machine":[35],"model":[38,61,77],"based":[39],"on":[40,80],"external":[41,54],"knowledge.":[42],"We":[43],"use":[44],"framework":[46],"named":[47],"K-Adapter":[48],"infuse":[50],"two":[51,57],"kinds":[52],"knowledge":[55],"with":[56],"specific":[58],"adapters.":[59],"can":[62],"capture":[63],"richer":[64],"semantic":[65],"information,":[66],"which":[67],"more":[69],"suitable":[70],"for":[71],"real":[72],"application":[73],"scenarios.":[74],"The":[75],"proposed":[76],"evaluated":[79],"COSMOS":[82],"QA":[83],"dataset":[84],"and":[85],"outperforms":[86],"competitive":[88],"baselines.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}