{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309675310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945181","title":"Human-Machine Patterns for System Design, Cooperation and Interaction in Socio-Cyber-Physical Systems: Introduction and General overview","display_name":"Human-Machine Patterns for System Design, Cooperation and Interaction in Socio-Cyber-Physical Systems: Introduction and General overview","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309675310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607746","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077376645","display_name":"Frank Flemisch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-6804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121348","display_name":"Institute of Industrial Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02h4pfs82","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121348"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["AU","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Flemisch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University,Aachen,Germany","Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University,Aachen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121348","https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000300489","display_name":"Marcel Usai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2446-5446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121348","display_name":"Institute of Industrial Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02h4pfs82","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121348"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["AU","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcel Usai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University,Aachen,Germany","Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University,Aachen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121348","https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036080226","display_name":"Nicolas Daniel Herzberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0407-2960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121348","display_name":"Institute of Industrial Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/02h4pfs82","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121348"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["AU","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Daniel Herzberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University,Aachen,Germany","Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University,Aachen,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121348","https://openalex.org/I887968799"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Industrial Engineering and Ergonomics RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079023110","display_name":"Marcel Baltzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0689-3084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcel Caspar Attila Baltzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Balanced Human Systems Integration Fraunhofer FKIE,Wachtberg,Germany","Balanced Human Systems Integration Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balanced Human Systems Integration Fraunhofer FKIE,Wachtberg,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balanced Human Systems Integration Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101847596","display_name":"Daniel L\u00f3pez Hern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6777-3425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166245","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics","ror":"https://ror.org/05nn0gw40","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Lopez Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Balanced Human Systems Integration Fraunhofer FKIE,Wachtberg,Germany","Balanced Human Systems Integration Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balanced Human Systems Integration Fraunhofer FKIE,Wachtberg,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Balanced Human Systems Integration Fraunhofer FKIE, Wachtberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166245"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027531675","display_name":"Marie\u2010Pierre Pacaux\u2010Lemoine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-5723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089617","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Automatique, de M\u00e9canique et d'Informatique Industrielles et Humaines","ror":"https://ror.org/006z7v557","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4387154098","https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie-Pierre Pacaux-Lemoine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Valenciennes et du Hainaut Cambr&#x00E9;sis,Laboratoire d&#x2019;Automatique et de M&#x00E9;chanique Industrielles et Humaines,Valenciennes,France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Valenciennes et du Hainaut Cambr&#x00E9;sis,Laboratoire d&#x2019;Automatique et de M&#x00E9;chanique Industrielles et Humaines,Valenciennes,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089617"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1416,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80365757,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1278","last_page":"1283"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnectivity","display_name":"Interconnectivity","score":0.8377493619918823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7753016948699951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.6302567720413208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5447826981544495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5008554458618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4936765134334564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-design-pattern","display_name":"Software design pattern","score":0.4542919993400574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.32647860050201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3189643621444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.17752674221992493}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25516864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnectivity","level":2,"score":0.8377493619918823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7753016948699951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.6302567720413208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5447826981544495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5008554458618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4936765134334564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146054899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181156","display_name":"Software design pattern","level":3,"score":0.4542919993400574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32647860050201416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3189643621444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.17752674221992493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc53654.2022.9945181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607746","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/445245","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/445245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:968036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/968036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC) : October 9-12, 2022, Prague, Czech Republic, proceedings / IEEE SMC 2022, Prague, Czech Republic ; sponsored by: SMC - IEEE System, Man, and Cybernetics Society<br/>2022 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2022, Prague, Czech Republic, 2022-10-09 - 2022-10-12","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102517386","https://openalex.org/W292819956","https://openalex.org/W1490384990","https://openalex.org/W1550840327","https://openalex.org/W1589613896","https://openalex.org/W1649645444","https://openalex.org/W1961310889","https://openalex.org/W1968983388","https://openalex.org/W1980334527","https://openalex.org/W1999053831","https://openalex.org/W2042240405","https://openalex.org/W2093020640","https://openalex.org/W2143505075","https://openalex.org/W2145485271","https://openalex.org/W2146336426","https://openalex.org/W2555168084","https://openalex.org/W2557451516","https://openalex.org/W2772065625","https://openalex.org/W2783282453","https://openalex.org/W2904793727","https://openalex.org/W2908194034","https://openalex.org/W2914269661","https://openalex.org/W2937317579","https://openalex.org/W2955254504","https://openalex.org/W2968482980","https://openalex.org/W3090850262","https://openalex.org/W3108989556","https://openalex.org/W3124524902","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4225555528","https://openalex.org/W4231870879","https://openalex.org/W4239127760","https://openalex.org/W4241998919","https://openalex.org/W6604144536","https://openalex.org/W6610174859","https://openalex.org/W6610507789","https://openalex.org/W6633360099","https://openalex.org/W6636608199","https://openalex.org/W6636811135","https://openalex.org/W6640895586","https://openalex.org/W6642518656","https://openalex.org/W6758970122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W174982720","https://openalex.org/W2151173140","https://openalex.org/W4386857536","https://openalex.org/W2511973026","https://openalex.org/W1981008129","https://openalex.org/W4394096179","https://openalex.org/W2473383567","https://openalex.org/W1800442676","https://openalex.org/W2804418842","https://openalex.org/W2778290364"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"increasing":[1],"autonomous":[2],"capabilities":[3],"and":[4,8,12,15,45,55,64,78,92,105,121,136],"intelligence":[5],"of":[6,10,31,53,101,107,118],"machines":[7],"interconnectivity":[9],"humans":[11,42],"machines,":[13],"interaction":[14,54],"cooperation":[16,56],"become":[17],"even":[18],"more":[19],"crucial":[20],"for":[21,41,50,61,86],"socio-cyber-physical":[22],"systems.":[23,109],"How":[24],"can":[25,69,141],"we":[26],"organize":[27],"the":[28,51,59,82,95,126],"exploding":[29],"number":[30],"design":[32,52],"options":[33],"in":[34,73,98,144],"a":[35],"way":[36],"that":[37,125],"it":[38],"is":[39,113],"easy":[40],"to":[43,114,131],"understand":[44],"control":[46],"these":[47],"systems?":[48],"Patterns":[49],"could":[57,80],"be":[58,70,81,132,142],"key":[60],"describing":[62],"problems":[63],"generalizable":[65],"solution":[66],"patterns,":[67],"which":[68],"instantiated":[71],"again":[72],"individual":[74],"solutions.":[75],"Modeling,":[76],"matching":[77],"instantiating":[79],"fundamental":[83],"use":[84],"cases":[85],"those":[87],"patterns.":[88],"Understanding,":[89],"designing,":[90],"engineering":[91],"using":[93],"are":[94],"essential":[96],"activities":[97],"an":[99],"interplay":[100],"researchers,":[102],"designers,":[103],"engineers":[104],"users":[106],"human-machine":[108,119],"A":[110],"realistic":[111],"dream":[112],"have":[115,130],"global":[116],"databases":[117],"patterns":[120,140],"their":[122],"effects":[123],"so":[124],"wheel":[127],"does":[128],"not":[129],"re-invented":[133],"several":[134],"times":[135],"common":[137],"knowledge":[138],"about":[139],"shared":[143],"our":[145],"community.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}