{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206595698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc52423.2021.9659004","title":"Applying Density-based Clustering for Bloodstain Pattern Analysis","display_name":"Applying Density-based Clustering for Bloodstain Pattern Analysis","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206595698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc52423.2021.9659004"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc52423.2021.9659004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc52423.2021.9659004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607761","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023375107","display_name":"Giovanni Acampora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4082-5616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108560","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Napoli","ror":"https://ror.org/015kcdd40","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210108560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Acampora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sezione di Napoli, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Naples, Italy","University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sezione di Napoli, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024942328","display_name":"Ciro Di Nunzio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-2072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36443711","display_name":"Magna Graecia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0530bdk91","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36443711"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ciro Di Nunzio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University \"Magna Graecia\" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University \"Magna Graecia\" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36443711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014041205","display_name":"Luciano Garofano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8582-0865"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luciano Garofano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Arma dei Carabinieri and the Italian Academy of Forensic Sciences, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Arma dei Carabinieri and the Italian Academy of Forensic Sciences, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064939602","display_name":"Maurizio Saliva","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091363","display_name":"ASL Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/00eq8n589","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091363"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizio Saliva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Azienda Sanitaria Locale ASL Napoli 3 Sud, Torre del Greco, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Azienda Sanitaria Locale ASL Napoli 3 Sud, Torre del Greco, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082199687","display_name":"Autilia Vitiello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5562-9226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Autilia Vitiello","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023375107"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108560","https://openalex.org/I71267560"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1307,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51296083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":null,"first_page":"28","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbscan","display_name":"DBSCAN","score":0.758331298828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7359508275985718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7132590413093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5520930886268616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.5110701322555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5080065727233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4847242832183838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40760695934295654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3849595785140991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3223936855792999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1389581859111786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-clustering","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","score":0.08700230717658997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46576248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1114630","display_name":"DBSCAN","level":5,"score":0.758331298828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7359508275985718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7132590413093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5520930886268616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.5110701322555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5080065727233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4847242832183838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40760695934295654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3849595785140991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3223936855792999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1389581859111786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17212007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5511111","display_name":"Fuzzy clustering","level":3,"score":0.08700230717658997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104047586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033439","display_name":"Canopy clustering algorithm","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc52423.2021.9659004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc52423.2021.9659004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607761","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1673310716","https://openalex.org/W1986317578","https://openalex.org/W2023752928","https://openalex.org/W2061763309","https://openalex.org/W2065429801","https://openalex.org/W2090809830","https://openalex.org/W2109008849","https://openalex.org/W2188515447","https://openalex.org/W2242170945","https://openalex.org/W2475301259","https://openalex.org/W2740924709","https://openalex.org/W4242046661","https://openalex.org/W6637131181","https://openalex.org/W6672994844","https://openalex.org/W6676131468","https://openalex.org/W6687170779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3163639875","https://openalex.org/W3176449234","https://openalex.org/W2807508722","https://openalex.org/W2353158678","https://openalex.org/W2767235736","https://openalex.org/W4225278791","https://openalex.org/W2045002201","https://openalex.org/W2971352445","https://openalex.org/W4322502698","https://openalex.org/W2604015980"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bloodstain":[0],"Pattern":[1],"Analysis":[2],"(BPA)":[3],"is":[4],"used":[5],"by":[6,36],"forensic":[7,66],"officers":[8],"to":[9,38,51,64,89],"analyse":[10],"bloodstains":[11],"left":[12],"at":[13],"crime":[14,47],"scenes.":[15,48],"As":[16,123],"a":[17,21,39,73,100,126],"consequence,":[18],"it":[19],"has":[20],"crucial":[22],"role":[23],"in":[24,62,68,72,83,125],"the":[25,46,106,110,129,138],"investigations":[26],"of":[27,45,114],"bloody":[28],"crimes.":[29],"Currently,":[30],"BPA":[31,70,121],"activities":[32,71],"are":[33],"performed":[34],"manually":[35],"leading":[37],"slow":[40],"and":[41,76],"potentially":[42],"imprecise":[43],"analysis":[44],"In":[49],"order":[50,63],"overcome":[52],"these":[53],"issues,":[54],"recently,":[55],"some":[56],"software":[57],"tools":[58],"have":[59],"been":[60],"developed":[61],"support":[65],"investigators":[67],"performing":[69],"more":[74],"objective":[75],"fast":[77],"way.":[78],"However,":[79],"only":[80],"few":[81],"approaches":[82],"literature":[84],"use":[85],"artificial":[86],"intelligence":[87],"methodologies":[88],"achieve":[90],"this":[91,95,97],"goal.":[92],"Starting":[93],"from":[94],"consideration,":[96],"paper":[98],"presents":[99],"new":[101],"intelligent":[102,131],"tool":[103,132],"based,":[104],"for":[105,119],"first":[107],"time,":[108],"on":[109],"Density-Based":[111],"Spatial":[112],"Clustering":[113],"Application":[115],"with":[116,137],"Noise":[117],"(DBSCAN)":[118],"supporting":[120],"activities.":[122],"shown":[124],"case":[127],"study,":[128],"proposed":[130],"produces":[133],"results":[134],"that":[135],"match":[136],"ground":[139],"truth.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
