{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205934760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc52423.2021.9658802","title":"Differentiating \u2018Human in the Loop\u2019 Decision Process","display_name":"Differentiating \u2018Human in the Loop\u2019 Decision Process","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205934760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc52423.2021.9658802"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc52423.2021.9658802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc52423.2021.9658802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607761","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034421050","display_name":"Sarah Walsh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6241-8056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Elizabeth Walsh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041686916","display_name":"Karen M. Feigh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0281-7634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen M. Feigh","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034421050"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5236,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83428981,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3129","last_page":"3133"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6238514184951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6003796458244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","score":0.5785060524940491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-in-the-loop","display_name":"Human-in-the-loop","score":0.5439512729644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-process","display_name":"Decision process","score":0.49455973505973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.28114843368530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2696796953678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16102367639541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1375724971294403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11579862236976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.046225905418395996}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6238514184951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6003796458244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5785060524940491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780626000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5936775","display_name":"Human-in-the-loop","level":2,"score":0.5439512729644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984634286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331926","display_name":"Decision process","level":2,"score":0.49455973505973816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.28114843368530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2696796953678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16102367639541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1375724971294403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11579862236976624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.046225905418395996}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc52423.2021.9658802","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc52423.2021.9658802","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607761","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W534311","https://openalex.org/W1522330580","https://openalex.org/W1531486736","https://openalex.org/W1970566767","https://openalex.org/W1976996906","https://openalex.org/W1984888212","https://openalex.org/W1994427578","https://openalex.org/W2002645541","https://openalex.org/W2048791799","https://openalex.org/W2096016260","https://openalex.org/W2128498260","https://openalex.org/W2164012765","https://openalex.org/W2167853719","https://openalex.org/W2332431408","https://openalex.org/W2887029808","https://openalex.org/W2927275098","https://openalex.org/W2963470891","https://openalex.org/W3135338772","https://openalex.org/W4236640612","https://openalex.org/W4288359828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W24774503","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W4288099294","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W4367173559"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"research":[1],"by":[2,149],"groups":[3],"in":[4,24,89,103,200],"academia,":[5],"industry,":[6],"and":[7,16,81,120,165],"government":[8],"has":[9],"shifted":[10],"toward":[11],"the":[12,37,45,53,60,105,116,172,196,203],"development":[13],"of":[14,39,48,52,62,136,145,210],"AI":[15,204],"machine":[17,65],"learning":[18,66],"tools":[19],"to":[20,44,68,71,94,127,159,193],"advise":[21],"human":[22,74,217],"decision-making":[23,55,75,97,179],"complex,":[25],"dynamic":[26],"problems.":[27],"Within":[28],"this":[29,191],"collaborative":[30],"environment,":[31],"humans":[32],"alone":[33],"are":[34,92],"burdened":[35],"with":[36,167,216],"task":[38,150],"managing":[40],"team":[41,79,211],"strategy":[42],"due":[43],"AI-agent\u2019s":[46],"use":[47,61],"an":[49,63,207],"unrealistic":[50],"model":[51],"human-agent\u2019s":[54,197],"process.":[56],"This":[57,132],"work":[58],"investigates":[59],"unsupervised":[64],"method":[67],"enable":[69],"AI-systems":[70],"differentiate":[72],"between":[73,195],"strategies,":[76],"enabling":[77,213],"improved":[78,208],"collaboration":[80,215],"decision":[82,130,139,187,198],"support.":[83],"An":[84],"interactive":[85],"experiment":[86],"is":[87,118,125],"designed":[88],"which":[90,104,141],"human-agents":[91],"subjected":[93],"a":[95,121,155],"complex":[96],"environment":[98],"(a":[99],"storm":[100],"tracking":[101],"interface)":[102],"provided":[106],"visual":[107],"data":[108,114,169],"sources":[109],"change":[110],"over":[111],"time.":[112],"Behavioral":[113],"from":[115],"human-agent":[117],"collected,":[119],"k-means":[122],"clustering":[123],"algorithm":[124],"used":[126],"identify":[128],"individual":[129],"strategies.":[131,180],"approach":[133,158,192],"provides":[134],"evidence":[135],"three":[137],"distinct":[138],"strategies":[140,199],"demonstrated":[142],"similar":[143],"degrees":[144],"success":[146],"as":[147],"measured":[148],"performance.":[151],"One":[152],"cluster":[153],"utilized":[154,176],"more":[156,162,177],"analytic":[157],"decision-making,":[160],"spending":[161],"time":[163],"observing":[164],"interacting":[166],"each":[168],"source,":[170],"while":[171],"other":[173],"two":[174],"clusters":[175],"heuristic":[178],"These":[181],"findings":[182],"indicate":[183],"that":[184],"if":[185],"AI-based":[186],"support":[188],"systems":[189],"utilize":[190],"distinguish":[194],"real":[201],"time,":[202],"could":[205],"develop":[206],"\u201cawareness\u201d":[209],"strategy,":[212],"better":[214],"teammates.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}