{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990364232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2019.8914446","title":"Robust Cooperative Load-Frequency Tracking Protocols for Leader-Follower Smart Power Grid Networks With Uncertainty","display_name":"Robust Cooperative Load-Frequency Tracking Protocols for Leader-Follower Smart Power Grid Networks With Uncertainty","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990364232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2019.8914446","mag":"2990364232"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2019.8914446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2019.8914446","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100772117","display_name":"Shafiqul Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-5335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169251466","display_name":"Xavier University of Louisiana","ror":"https://ror.org/0085d9t86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shafiqul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xavier University of Louisiana, Room 235-NCF Addition, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xavier University of Louisiana, Room 235-NCF Addition, 1 Drexel Drive, New Orleans, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109797436","display_name":"Abdulmotaleb El Saddik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulmotaleb El Saddik","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041305985","display_name":"Anderson Sunda\u2010Meya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6346-4326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169251466","display_name":"Xavier University of Louisiana","ror":"https://ror.org/0085d9t86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anderson Sunda-Meya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xavier University of Louisiana, NCF-Addition, 1 Drexel Drive, Box 28 New Orleans, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xavier University of Louisiana, NCF-Addition, 1 Drexel Drive, Box 28 New Orleans, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169251466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4844,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66788634,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":null,"first_page":"1794","last_page":"1800"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11347","display_name":"Neural Networks Stability and Synchronization","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6691991090774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robust-control","display_name":"Robust control","score":0.6040579676628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-function","display_name":"Lyapunov function","score":0.5258191823959351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.5220829844474792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5205650925636292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.49638301134109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.48705604672431946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-control","display_name":"Adaptive control","score":0.46856406331062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.4657455384731293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.42809680104255676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.4200133681297302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3411468267440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.23939776420593262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.21086719632148743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16838660836219788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.159499853849411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1063886284828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08546766638755798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07194823026657104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6691991090774536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31531917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915157","display_name":"Robust control","level":3,"score":0.6040579676628113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60640748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2337858","display_name":"Lyapunov function","level":3,"score":0.5258191823959351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.5220829844474792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5205650925636292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.49638301134109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.48705604672431946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.46856406331062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.4657455384731293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.42809680104255676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.4200133681297302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3411468267440796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.23939776420593262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.21086719632148743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16838660836219788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.159499853849411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1063886284828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08546766638755798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07194823026657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2019.8914446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2019.8914446","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482354191","https://openalex.org/W1763243278","https://openalex.org/W1988837728","https://openalex.org/W2003456468","https://openalex.org/W2011763904","https://openalex.org/W2019301076","https://openalex.org/W2028180415","https://openalex.org/W2032588499","https://openalex.org/W2054250213","https://openalex.org/W2100563249","https://openalex.org/W2107396783","https://openalex.org/W2116323690","https://openalex.org/W2120638718","https://openalex.org/W2129891269","https://openalex.org/W2133633527","https://openalex.org/W2144288136","https://openalex.org/W2146890818","https://openalex.org/W2160643434","https://openalex.org/W2342294471","https://openalex.org/W2343085107","https://openalex.org/W2346784245","https://openalex.org/W2479669965","https://openalex.org/W2567239406","https://openalex.org/W2595011283","https://openalex.org/W2613723655","https://openalex.org/W6653178175","https://openalex.org/W6664025020","https://openalex.org/W6677394201","https://openalex.org/W6677932529"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356016423","https://openalex.org/W2156019597","https://openalex.org/W2078771202","https://openalex.org/W2015273929","https://openalex.org/W3215713122","https://openalex.org/W2373806892","https://openalex.org/W1875975768","https://openalex.org/W2388907609","https://openalex.org/W1522039826","https://openalex.org/W4236249984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"introduces":[2],"consensus":[3,190],"based":[4,191],"leader-follower":[5],"robust":[6,107,193],"cooperative":[7],"load":[8],"frequency":[9],"tracking":[10],"control(LFTC)":[11],"protocols":[12,21,41,103,195],"for":[13,196],"multi-area":[14,136],"smart":[15],"power":[16,52,79,126,137,178],"grid":[17,80,127,138,179],"networks.":[18],"The":[19],"LFC":[20],"combines":[22],"local":[23],"states":[24,27,73,84,152,165],"with":[25,32,51,118,124],"the":[26,29,45,48,68,72,75,83,86,93,96,99,119,125,134,151,154,164,167,185,188],"of":[28,47,71,74,85,95,121,133,153,166,187],"neighboring":[30],"areas":[31,157],"directed":[33],"communication":[34],"topology.":[35],"We":[36],"first":[37],"develop":[38],"Robust":[39,111],"LFTC":[40,102,194],"by":[42,104,142],"assuming":[43],"that":[44,150],"bounds":[46],"uncertainty":[49,100,122],"associated":[50,123],"network":[53],"dynamics":[54],"and":[55,62,129,145,162],"disturbance":[56],"are":[57,140,181],"known":[58],"a":[59,106,175],"priori.":[60],"Lyapunov":[61,144],"graph":[63,146],"theory":[64],"used":[65],"to":[66,82,116,183],"show":[67,184],"finite-time":[69],"convergence":[70],"follower":[76,155],"control":[77,88,114,156,169],"area":[78,170],"networks":[81,128,139,180],"leader":[87,168],"area.":[89],"Then,":[90],"we":[91],"relax":[92],"demand":[94],"bound":[97],"on":[98,174],"from":[101],"integrating":[105],"adaptive":[108,112],"learning":[109,113],"algorithms.":[110],"uses":[115],"deal":[117],"presence":[120],"disturbance.":[130],"Convergence":[131],"analysis":[132],"closed-loop":[135],"shown":[141],"using":[143],"theory.":[147],"Analysis":[148],"shows":[149],"can":[158],"reach":[159],"an":[160],"agreement":[161],"track":[163],"asymptotically.":[171],"Evaluation":[172],"results":[173],"four-area":[176],"interconnected":[177],"presented":[182],"effectiveness":[186],"proposed":[189],"distributed":[192],"real-time":[197],"applications.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}