{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990286570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2019.8914326","title":"A Comparative Study of Mental States in 2D and 3D Virtual Environments Using EEG","display_name":"A Comparative Study of Mental States in 2D and 3D Virtual Environments Using EEG","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990286570","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2019.8914326","mag":"2990286570"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2019.8914326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2019.8914326","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082257183","display_name":"Pinar Bilgin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pinar Bilgin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078786239","display_name":"Kat Agres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7260-2447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3004594783","display_name":"Institute of High Performance Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/02n0ejh50","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3004594783","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kat Agres","raw_affiliation_strings":["A*STAR, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-38 Connexis North, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A*STAR, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-38 Connexis North, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3004594783","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075333146","display_name":"Neethu Robinson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8531-2940"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neethu Robinson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015569198","display_name":"Aung Aung Phyo Wai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5734-5689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aung Aung Phyo Wai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031778999","display_name":"Cuntai Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0872-3276"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cuntai Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"2833","last_page":"2838"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7051344513893127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.6886434555053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arousal","display_name":"Arousal","score":0.5851548910140991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5106366276741028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.47495198249816895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audiology","display_name":"Audiology","score":0.4522096514701843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.4233027398586273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.325508177280426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.32016149163246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15585339069366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.11024567484855652}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7051344513893127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.6886434555053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36951298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379784","display_name":"Arousal","level":2,"score":0.5851548910140991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5106366276741028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.47495198249816895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.4522096514701843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4233027398586273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.325508177280426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32016149163246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15585339069366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.11024567484855652}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2019.8914326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2019.8914326","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:3041943916","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=201902213698792648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512817","display_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2011235534","https://openalex.org/W2137686261","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2164699598","https://openalex.org/W2165857685","https://openalex.org/W2208617120","https://openalex.org/W2249279987","https://openalex.org/W2513902875","https://openalex.org/W2566775857","https://openalex.org/W2580887161","https://openalex.org/W2590280966","https://openalex.org/W2594386612","https://openalex.org/W2598210266","https://openalex.org/W2644346168","https://openalex.org/W2791572672","https://openalex.org/W2796212253","https://openalex.org/W2884591764","https://openalex.org/W2887538181","https://openalex.org/W2890679134","https://openalex.org/W2914791688","https://openalex.org/W2951999654","https://openalex.org/W3009616493","https://openalex.org/W6732322828"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2922348724","https://openalex.org/W200322357","https://openalex.org/W2130428257","https://openalex.org/W4308951944","https://openalex.org/W2090763504","https://openalex.org/W4312960290","https://openalex.org/W2057366091","https://openalex.org/W2049513647","https://openalex.org/W2988848585","https://openalex.org/W4233722919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1,59,86,106,135,143,176],"growing":[2],"evidence":[3],"that":[4,85,182],"virtual":[5],"reality":[6],"(VR)":[7],"can":[8],"be":[9],"used":[10],"as":[11,25,158,222],"an":[12,223],"optional":[13],"therapy":[14],"method":[15],"for":[16,44,56,140,145],"stress":[17],"relief":[18],"and":[19,32,47,53,64,83,111,120,137,147,160,164,173,202,230],"treatment":[20],"of":[21,28,42,51,77,127,220],"mental":[22],"disorders":[23],"such":[24],"a":[26,72,93,97,234],"variety":[27],"anxiety":[29],"disorders,":[30],"depression":[31],"psychosis.":[33],"However,":[34],"more":[35,185],"systematic":[36],"studies":[37],"to":[38,61,88,114,226,233],"quantity":[39],"the":[40,49,57,89,109,218],"effects":[41,50],"VR":[43,101,221],"emotion":[45,79,116,191,228],"elicitation":[46,229],"compare":[48],"3D":[52,98],"2D":[54,94,174,235],"environment":[55],"same":[58],"necessary":[60],"design":[62,71],"feasible":[63],"effective":[65,224],"treatments.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68,215],"study,":[69],"we":[70],"cross-over":[73],"experiment":[74,110],"protocol":[75],"comprising":[76],"two":[78],"eliciting":[80],"environments":[81,123],"relaxation":[82],"arousal":[84,122],"presented":[87,213],"participant":[90],"either":[91],"in":[92,162,196,214],"monitor":[95],"or":[96],"head-mounted":[99],"(HMD)":[100],"display.":[102,149],"The":[103,150,168,211],"EEG":[104,187],"data":[105],"collected":[107],"during":[108],"analyzed":[112],"offline":[113],"classify":[115],"elicited":[117],"by":[118],"low":[119],"high":[121],"using":[124],"SVM":[125],"classification":[126,138,152],"band":[128,197],"power":[129],"features.":[130],"A":[131],"10-fold":[132],"cross":[133],"validation":[134],"performed":[136],"accuracy":[139],"each":[141],"subject":[142],"computed":[144],"3D-VR":[146,163,172,183],"2D-screen":[148,165],"average":[151],"accuracies":[153],"over":[154],"subjects":[155],"are":[156,205],"obtained":[157],"66.88%":[159],"59.27%":[161],"group":[166],"respectively.":[167],"performance":[169],"difference":[170],"between":[171,208],"screen":[175],"statistically":[177],"significant":[178,194],"$(p\\lt":[179],"0.05)$,":[180],"indicating":[181],"generates":[184],"distinct":[186],"patterns":[188],"associated":[189],"with":[190],"elicitation.":[192],"Further,":[193],"differences":[195],"powers":[198],"from":[199],"alpha,":[200],"theta":[201],"beta":[203],"bands":[204],"also":[206],"observed":[207],"both":[209],"groups.":[210],"results":[212],"paper":[216],"support":[217],"use":[219],"tool":[225],"study":[227],"regulation,":[231],"compared":[232],"screen.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}