{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2771062951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2017.8122700","title":"Joint torques are associated with speed-accuracy trade-offs during human reaching movements","display_name":"Joint torques are associated with speed-accuracy trade-offs during human reaching movements","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2771062951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2017.8122700","mag":"2771062951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2017.8122700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2017.8122700","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032478617","display_name":"Misaki Takeda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85922643","display_name":"Nagaoka University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ys1hz88","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85922643"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Misaki Takeda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, JAPAN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, JAPAN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85922643"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015263542","display_name":"Isao Nambu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1705-6268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85922643","display_name":"Nagaoka University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ys1hz88","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85922643"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isao Nambu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, JAPAN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, JAPAN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85922643"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036970055","display_name":"Yasuhiro Wada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0268-8921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I85922643","display_name":"Nagaoka University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ys1hz88","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I85922643"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasuhiro Wada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, JAPAN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, JAPAN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85922643"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I85922643"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17816983,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"81","issue":null,"first_page":"764","last_page":"769"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10114","display_name":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.7836272716522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fittss-law","display_name":"Fitts's law","score":0.7013208866119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6060857176780701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.5748775005340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-arm","display_name":"Human arm","score":0.5541545152664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5429264903068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamics","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","score":0.4536416828632355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/movement","display_name":"Movement (music)","score":0.42157554626464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3912644386291504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23923718929290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2023695707321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16660204529762268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.0945119559764862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.09084001183509827}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.7836272716522217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159842133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137548","display_name":"Fitts's law","level":3,"score":0.7013208866119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6060857176780701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5748775005340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988484212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43471","display_name":"Human arm","level":2,"score":0.5541545152664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5429264903068542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.4536416828632355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929848","display_name":"Movement (music)","level":2,"score":0.42157554626464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3912644386291504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23923718929290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2023695707321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16660204529762268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0945119559764862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.09084001183509827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2017.8122700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2017.8122700","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322915","display_name":"Nagaoka University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00ys1hz88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1575494502","https://openalex.org/W1873049249","https://openalex.org/W1956636948","https://openalex.org/W1996884089","https://openalex.org/W2047325228","https://openalex.org/W2064527819","https://openalex.org/W2089366819","https://openalex.org/W2089669290","https://openalex.org/W2094645967","https://openalex.org/W2116005591","https://openalex.org/W2146600920","https://openalex.org/W2156358275","https://openalex.org/W2156510948","https://openalex.org/W2179427518","https://openalex.org/W2591924599","https://openalex.org/W4234700087","https://openalex.org/W4239127880","https://openalex.org/W6986814342"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2100576169","https://openalex.org/W2198886631","https://openalex.org/W1597919051","https://openalex.org/W3141905859","https://openalex.org/W1533380159","https://openalex.org/W2347361764","https://openalex.org/W2007492029","https://openalex.org/W3164109814","https://openalex.org/W2325203705","https://openalex.org/W2771062951"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fitts'":[0,89,164],"law":[1,26,90,165],"is":[2,99,139],"an":[3],"empirically":[4],"derived":[5],"model":[6],"that":[7,158],"describes":[8],"movement":[9,19,111],"duration":[10],"during":[11],"human":[12,47,54,170],"arm":[13,48,55,171],"reaching":[14],"as":[15,33],"a":[16,140],"function":[17],"of":[18,46,142,149],"distance":[20],"and":[21,36,115,121,135,173],"target":[22],"width.":[23],"Although":[24],"this":[25],"does":[27],"not":[28],"consider":[29],"dynamic":[30],"properties,":[31],"such":[32],"motor":[34,61,78,103],"commands":[35,62],"joint":[37,74,96,116],"torques,":[38],"it":[39],"can":[40,69,91,166],"explain":[41],"the":[42,73,84,107,110,131,146,156,159],"speed-accuracy":[43,66,85,160],"trade-off":[44,67,86,161],"characteristics":[45,68],"movements":[49,56],"in":[50],"most":[51],"cases.":[52],"However,":[53],"are":[57],"achieved":[58],"by":[59,72,77,88,95,102,163,169],"transforming":[60],"through":[63],"dynamics.":[64],"Thus,":[65],"be":[70,92,167],"explained":[71,94,168],"torque":[75,134],"produced":[76],"commands.":[79,104],"Here,":[80],"we":[81,118],"investigated":[82],"whether":[83],"described":[87,162],"better":[93],"torque,":[97,117],"which":[98,138],"directly":[100],"controlled":[101],"To":[105],"examine":[106],"relationships":[108],"between":[109,130],"speed,":[112],"end-point":[113,136,143],"accuracy,":[114],"performed":[119],"temporally":[120],"spatially":[122],"constrained":[123],"experiments.":[124],"A":[125],"positive":[126],"correlation":[127],"was":[128],"observed":[129],"integrated":[132],"absolute":[133],"error,":[137],"measure":[141],"accuracy":[144],"for":[145],"trial-averaged":[147],"values":[148],"each":[150],"experimental":[151],"condition.":[152],"These":[153],"findings":[154],"suggest":[155],"possibility":[157],"dynamics":[172],"its":[174],"parameters.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
