{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2587277858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844600","title":"A new Stable Election-based routing algorithm to preserve aliveness and energy in fog-supported wireless sensor networks","display_name":"A new Stable Election-based routing algorithm to preserve aliveness and energy in fog-supported wireless sensor networks","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2587277858","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844600","mag":"2587277858"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2016.7844600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844600","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076292813","display_name":"Paola G. Vinueza Naranjo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3658-5288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paola G. Vinueza Naranjo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Telecommunication, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Telecommunication, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022893278","display_name":"Mohammad Shojafar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3284-5086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Shojafar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Telecommunication, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Telecommunication, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087542455","display_name":"Ajith Abraham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0169-6738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107658","display_name":"Machine Intelligence Research Labs","ror":"https://ror.org/013kgb629","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107658"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajith Abraham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine Intelligence Research Labs (MIR Labs), Scientific Network for Innovation and Research Excellence, Auburn, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Intelligence Research Labs (MIR Labs), Scientific Network for Innovation and Research Excellence, Auburn, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107658"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020320957","display_name":"Enzo Baccarelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9791-7901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enzo Baccarelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering and Telecommunication, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering and Telecommunication, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076292813"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.555,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9509527,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"002413","last_page":"002418"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.7548034191131592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7012401819229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6679083108901978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6115339994430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5675888061523438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5665675401687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.5523833632469177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.47899362444877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.472917377948761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.42607367038726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3782850205898285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3418465852737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17951059341430664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08426359295845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08016827702522278}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.7548034191131592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7012401819229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6679083108901978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6115339994430542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5675888061523438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5665675401687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.5523833632469177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.47899362444877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.472917377948761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.42607367038726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3782850205898285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3418465852737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17951059341430664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08426359295845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08016827702522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2016.7844600","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844600","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3270406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3270406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196283","display_name":"Research Padua  Archive (University of Padua)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493144892","https://openalex.org/W1538423134","https://openalex.org/W1551426553","https://openalex.org/W2001371207","https://openalex.org/W2011532811","https://openalex.org/W2019074490","https://openalex.org/W2029100038","https://openalex.org/W2046606530","https://openalex.org/W2079407254","https://openalex.org/W2099751474","https://openalex.org/W2100530741","https://openalex.org/W2104846640","https://openalex.org/W2114623221","https://openalex.org/W2166122937","https://openalex.org/W2168452204","https://openalex.org/W2335146458","https://openalex.org/W2464879176","https://openalex.org/W3173124756","https://openalex.org/W4301380438","https://openalex.org/W6629575236","https://openalex.org/W6678525138","https://openalex.org/W6719287799"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2280422768","https://openalex.org/W3143197806","https://openalex.org/W4252555497","https://openalex.org/W3121175838","https://openalex.org/W3016293053","https://openalex.org/W1690653314","https://openalex.org/W2401723157","https://openalex.org/W2065055572","https://openalex.org/W2784269775","https://openalex.org/W2952904874"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,13,47,62,105,113,161],"the":[2,11,44,84,102,106,111,114,119,129,158,162],"current":[3,134],"key":[4],"challenges":[5],"in":[6,80,95,156],"wireless":[7],"sensor":[8,49,63],"networks":[9,50],"is":[10,40],"development":[12],"routing":[14],"protocols":[15],"that":[16,150],"provide":[17],"stable":[18,45],"cluster-head":[19],"election,":[20],"while":[21],"prolonging":[22,157],"network":[23,70,120,163],"lifetime":[24,121],"by":[25,51,132,164],"saving":[26],"energy.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29,88],"contribution,":[30],"a":[31],"new":[32],"Stable":[33],"Election":[34],"Protocol":[35],"(SEP),":[36],"named":[37],"New-SEP":[38],"(N-SEP),":[39],"presented":[41],"to":[42,82,97,117,128],"prolong":[43,101],"period":[46,160],"Fog-supported":[48],"maintaining":[52],"balanced":[53],"energy":[54,93,125],"consumption.":[55],"N-SEP":[56,151],"takes":[57],"into":[58],"account":[59],"some":[60],"features":[61],"nodes":[64],"(e.g.,":[65],"distance":[66,75],"from":[67],"base":[68],"station,":[69],"heterogeneity":[71],"ratio,":[72],"residual/consumed":[73],"energy,":[74],"between":[76],"cluster":[77],"heads":[78],"(CHs))":[79],"order":[81,96],"elect":[83],"best":[85],"CHs.":[86],"For":[87],"purpose,":[89],"it":[90],"exploits":[91],"heterogeneous":[92],"thresholds,":[94],"select":[98],"CHs":[99],"and":[100,122,144,154,166],"time":[103],"interval":[104],"system.":[107],"Simulation":[108],"results":[109,130],"support":[110],"capability":[112],"proposed":[115],"algorithm":[116],"maximize":[118],"preserve":[123],"more":[124],"as":[126],"compared":[127],"obtained":[131],"using":[133],"heuristics,":[135],"such":[136],"as,":[137],"Low":[138],"Energy":[139],"Adaptive":[140],"Clustering":[141],"Hierarchy":[142],"(LEACH)":[143],"SEP":[145,155],"protocols.":[146],"Additionally,":[147],"we":[148],"found":[149],"outperforms":[152],"LEACH":[153],"stability":[159],"50%":[165],"25%,":[167],"respectively.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}