{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2587185998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844494","title":"A systems-theoretic approach to early concept development","display_name":"A systems-theoretic approach to early concept development","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2587185998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844494","mag":"2587185998"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2016.7844494","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844494","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113457201","display_name":"Cody Fleming","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cody H. Fleming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems & Information Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems & Information Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113457201"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2707,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63955039,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"001768","last_page":"001773"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.7145278453826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6844825744628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.5574696063995361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.5311728119850159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.5157880783081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5012683868408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-system","display_name":"Complex system","score":0.4242682456970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.376636803150177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.3605028986930847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.3322165012359619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22368544340133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13980746269226074}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.7145278453826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6844825744628906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.5574696063995361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5311728119850159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.5157880783081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5012683868408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47822265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854457","display_name":"Complex system","level":2,"score":0.4242682456970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.376636803150177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3605028986930847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3322165012359619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22368544340133667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13980746269226074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2016.7844494","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844494","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W628668895","https://openalex.org/W651462859","https://openalex.org/W1427890894","https://openalex.org/W1545144661","https://openalex.org/W1646028454","https://openalex.org/W1757392070","https://openalex.org/W1763790326","https://openalex.org/W1928814411","https://openalex.org/W2009310991","https://openalex.org/W2027527232","https://openalex.org/W2105576913","https://openalex.org/W2109363714","https://openalex.org/W2565969279","https://openalex.org/W3083877289","https://openalex.org/W4243369158","https://openalex.org/W4245587674","https://openalex.org/W6621547180","https://openalex.org/W6632895037","https://openalex.org/W6637097412","https://openalex.org/W6637996987","https://openalex.org/W6640391253"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093262417","https://openalex.org/W2123131699","https://openalex.org/W650116260","https://openalex.org/W2378329187","https://openalex.org/W4390790060","https://openalex.org/W2134191509","https://openalex.org/W3209454962","https://openalex.org/W79697243","https://openalex.org/W3045218883","https://openalex.org/W1977799441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,35],"so-called":[1],"\u201cilities\u201d":[2],"of":[3,45,47,97,130,140,145],"a":[4,59,89],"system-such":[5],"as":[6],"safety,":[7],"interoperability,":[8],"and":[9,69,83,107,128,136,142],"efficiency-should":[10],"be":[11,21],"designed":[12],"into":[13,29],"systems":[14,32,67],"from":[15],"their":[16],"very":[17],"conception,":[18],"which":[19,62],"can":[20,74],"achieved":[22],"by":[23],"integrating":[24],"more":[25],"powerful":[26],"analysis":[27,96],"techniques":[28,117],"the":[30,43,48,125],"general":[31,66],"engineering":[33],"process.":[34],"primary":[36],"barrier":[37],"to":[38,102,120],"achieving":[39],"this":[40],"objective":[41],"is":[42,63],"lack":[44],"effectiveness":[46],"existing":[49],"analytical":[50],"tools":[51],"during":[52],"early":[53],"concept":[54],"development.":[55],"This":[56,86],"paper":[57,87],"introduces":[58],"new":[60,90],"technique,":[61],"based":[64],"on":[65],"theory":[68],"hierarchical":[70],"control":[71],"theory,":[72],"that":[73,77,92,110],"capture":[75],"behaviors":[76],"are":[78,118],"prevalent":[79],"in":[80,100],"complex":[81],"human-":[82],"software-intensive":[84],"systems.":[85],"presents":[88],"technique":[91],"supports":[93],"rigorous,":[94],"systematic":[95],"future":[98],"concepts":[99],"order":[101],"identify":[103],"potentially":[104],"adverse":[105],"scenarios":[106],"undocumented":[108],"assumptions":[109],"may":[111],"inhibit":[112],"mission":[113],"objectives.":[114],"Furthermore,":[115],"these":[116],"intended":[119],"address":[121],"issues":[122],"associated":[123],"with":[124,132],"interaction,":[126],"integration,":[127],"coordination":[129],"agents":[131],"heterogeneous":[133],"decision-making":[134],"capability":[135],"qualities,":[137],"varying":[138],"levels":[139],"automation,":[141],"changing":[143],"roles":[144],"human":[146],"operators.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
