{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2587289791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844399","title":"Multi-level cache vulnerability estimation: The first step to protect memory","display_name":"Multi-level cache vulnerability estimation: The first step to protect memory","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2587289791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844399","mag":"2587289791"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2016.7844399","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844399","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082424058","display_name":"Yohan Ko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9456-0927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yohan Ko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031543156","display_name":"Kyoungwoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-3775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyoungwoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"001165","last_page":"001170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.8739213347434998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7858786582946777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-pollution","display_name":"Cache pollution","score":0.7559863328933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-algorithms","display_name":"Cache algorithms","score":0.6919693350791931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-invalidation","display_name":"Cache invalidation","score":0.6802203059196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-coloring","display_name":"Cache coloring","score":0.6516343951225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5937404036521912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/page-cache","display_name":"Page cache","score":0.5304358005523682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-cache","display_name":"Smart Cache","score":0.5196462869644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpu-cache","display_name":"CPU cache","score":0.4504660964012146}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.8739213347434998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7858786582946777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113166858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015981","display_name":"Cache pollution","level":5,"score":0.7559863328933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38556500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13404475","display_name":"Cache algorithms","level":4,"score":0.6919693350791931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25536678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015977","display_name":"Cache invalidation","level":5,"score":0.6802203059196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201148951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015976","display_name":"Cache coloring","level":4,"score":0.6516343951225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5937404036521912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36340418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7124288","display_name":"Page cache","level":5,"score":0.5304358005523682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167713795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"Smart Cache","level":5,"score":0.5196462869644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189783530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"CPU cache","level":3,"score":0.4504660964012146}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2016.7844399","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2016.7844399","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W338936738","https://openalex.org/W1429410569","https://openalex.org/W1483997857","https://openalex.org/W1491404489","https://openalex.org/W1500849457","https://openalex.org/W1643404936","https://openalex.org/W1686420892","https://openalex.org/W1974386611","https://openalex.org/W1980704844","https://openalex.org/W2024330460","https://openalex.org/W2036853599","https://openalex.org/W2047171058","https://openalex.org/W2077249989","https://openalex.org/W2083260866","https://openalex.org/W2099569658","https://openalex.org/W2118033476","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2151612544","https://openalex.org/W2157468334","https://openalex.org/W2161648335","https://openalex.org/W2169213530","https://openalex.org/W2595279439","https://openalex.org/W3140709729","https://openalex.org/W3149410719","https://openalex.org/W4232751114","https://openalex.org/W6636782482","https://openalex.org/W6683923090"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2133489088","https://openalex.org/W2363769136","https://openalex.org/W2114386333","https://openalex.org/W2126408955","https://openalex.org/W2734782074","https://openalex.org/W2539712666","https://openalex.org/W2148571123","https://openalex.org/W2118932116","https://openalex.org/W2396934146","https://openalex.org/W2369103246"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cache":[0],"is":[1,26,61,151],"one":[2],"of":[3,21,55,68],"the":[4,19,43,52,56,66,87,147,170,186,192],"most":[5],"susceptible":[6],"microarchitectural":[7,31],"components":[8],"against":[9],"soft":[10],"errors":[11],"since":[12],"cache":[13,44,47,69,105,140,167,183,203],"memory":[14,70],"not":[15],"only":[16],"takes":[17],"up":[18],"majority":[20],"chip":[22],"area":[23],"but":[24,124,149],"also":[25],"frequently":[27],"accessed":[28],"by":[29,117,189],"other":[30],"components.":[32],"Several":[33],"protection":[34,80,94,135,162,179,199],"techniques":[35],"have":[36],"been":[37],"proposed":[38],"in":[39,75],"order":[40,76],"to":[41,64,77,145,174],"improve":[42],"reliability.":[45],"These":[46],"protections":[48,74],"can":[49,141,168,184,204],"significantly":[50],"affect":[51],"overall":[53],"performance":[54],"entire":[57],"processor.":[58],"Thus,":[59],"it":[60,150],"extremely":[62],"important":[63],"quantify":[65],"reliability":[67,171],"with":[71,90,191,212],"and":[72,99,112,119],"without":[73],"choose":[78],"appropriate":[79],"techniques.":[81],"In":[82,107,158],"this":[83],"paper,":[84],"we":[85],"model":[86],"vulnerability":[88,187],"estimation":[89],"considering":[91],"generally":[92],"used":[93],"techniques,":[95],"such":[96],"as":[97,172,206,208],"parity":[98,118,134,161,178,198],"error":[100,120,209],"correction":[101,121],"code,":[102,122],"on":[103],"multi-level":[104],"memory.":[106],"common":[108],"processors,":[109],"level":[110,137,154,164,181,201],"1":[111,138,155,165],"2":[113,182,202],"caches":[114],"are":[115],"protected":[116],"respectively,":[123],"our":[125],"experimental":[126],"results":[127],"reveal":[128],"several":[129],"interesting":[130],"results.":[131],"First":[132],"off,":[133],"for":[136,153,163,180,200],"instruction":[139],"be":[142,205],"good":[143],"way":[144],"decrease":[146,185],"vulnerability,":[148],"inefficient":[152],"data":[156,166],"cache.":[157,176],"special":[159],"cases,":[160],"worsen":[169],"compared":[173],"unprotected":[175],"Secondly,":[177],"almost":[188],"half":[190],"comparable":[193],"overheads.":[194,215],"For":[195],"some":[196],"benchmarks,":[197],"reliable":[207],"correcting":[210],"code":[211],"much":[213],"less":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}