{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075518476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974512","title":"Underwater human-robot communication: A case study with human divers","display_name":"Underwater human-robot communication: A case study with human divers","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075518476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974512","mag":"2075518476"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2014.6974512","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974512","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055815762","display_name":"Kevin J. DeMarco","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin J. DeMarco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, US","Electrical and Computer Eng., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Eng., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085237498","display_name":"M. E. West","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4855-9295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael E. West","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Tech Research Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Tech Research Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038825611","display_name":"Ayanna Howard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-9371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayanna M. Howard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, United States","Electrical and Computer Eng., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Eng., Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1551,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74546532,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3738","last_page":"3743"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11622","display_name":"Maritime Navigation and Safety","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.9217976331710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustic-communication","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","score":0.7207175493240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safer","display_name":"SAFER","score":0.666256308555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6440200209617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5698306560516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-engineering","display_name":"Marine engineering","score":0.481569766998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3986412286758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3802416920661926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31548506021499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.13025406002998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.07862210273742676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.9217976331710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169111936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424098","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","level":3,"score":0.7207175493240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.666256308555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6440200209617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5698306560516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.481569766998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3986412286758423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3802416920661926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31548506021499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.13025406002998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.07862210273742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2014.6974512","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974512","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309303","display_name":"Research Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309321","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563951143","https://openalex.org/W1572884196","https://openalex.org/W1971340557","https://openalex.org/W2045431317","https://openalex.org/W2050463959","https://openalex.org/W2097832243","https://openalex.org/W2104678017","https://openalex.org/W2111724353","https://openalex.org/W2149472588","https://openalex.org/W2296028053","https://openalex.org/W3148600395","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6634330401","https://openalex.org/W6663016735","https://openalex.org/W6740400645","https://openalex.org/W6996107936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081304190","https://openalex.org/W2477841276","https://openalex.org/W1989468614","https://openalex.org/W46613192","https://openalex.org/W4225540233","https://openalex.org/W2556643280","https://openalex.org/W2185568765","https://openalex.org/W2353494610","https://openalex.org/W4285703999","https://openalex.org/W3214188517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,63],"underwater":[3,18,149,159],"technology,":[4],"human":[5],"divers":[6],"are":[7,85,124],"still":[8],"employed":[9],"to":[10,24,72,101],"carry":[11,57],"out":[12],"a":[13,22,43,97,127,130,139,152],"wide":[14],"variety":[15],"of":[16,68,95,106,109,115,118,138,141,145,157],"dangerous":[17],"tasks.":[19],"To":[20],"enable":[21],"diver":[23,98,128,153],"complete":[25],"tasks":[26],"safer":[27],"and":[28,60,129],"more":[29],"efficiently,":[30],"it":[31],"is":[32,80,112],"proposed":[33,143],"that":[34,81,123],"an":[35,113,148,158],"Underwater":[36,119],"Robotic":[37],"Assistant":[38],"(UWRA)":[39],"could":[40,51],"act":[41],"as":[42],"robotic":[44],"dive":[45],"buddy.":[46],"For":[47],"example,":[48],"the":[49,55,69,77,93,102,107,116,133,142,155],"UWRA":[50],"ferry":[52],"tools":[53],"from":[54],"surface,":[56],"scientific":[58],"samples,":[59],"provide":[61],"illumination":[62],"dark":[64],"environments.":[65],"However,":[66],"one":[67,105],"major":[70],"hurdles":[71],"operating":[73],"autonomous":[74],"systems":[75],"below":[76],"water's":[78],"surface":[79],"high-frequency":[82],"radio":[83],"signals":[84],"greatly":[86],"attenuated":[87],"by":[88],"water.":[89],"This":[90],"severely":[91],"limits":[92],"type":[94],"commands":[96],"can":[99],"issue":[100],"robot.":[103],"Thus,":[104],"contributions":[108],"this":[110],"paper":[111],"analysis":[114],"types":[117],"Human-Robot":[120],"Communication":[121],"(UHRC)":[122],"possible":[125],"between":[126],"UWRA.":[131],"Following":[132],"analysis,":[134],"we":[135],"discuss":[136],"implementation":[137],"few":[140],"methods":[144],"UHRC":[146],"where":[147],"robot":[150],"assists":[151],"during":[154],"installation":[156],"mechanical":[160],"platform.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}