{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1970416853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974127","title":"Prediction of command delivery time for BCI","display_name":"Prediction of command delivery time for BCI","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1970416853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974127","mag":"1970416853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2014.6974127","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974127","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/200203","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047941621","display_name":"Sajad Saeedi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-6127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Saeedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Ncuroprosthetics, Chair in Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface (CNBI), Lausanne, Switzerland","\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Ncuroprosthetics, Chair in Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface (CNBI), Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057999426","display_name":"Ricardo Chavarriaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8879-2860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Chavarriaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Ncuroprosthetics, Chair in Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface (CNBI), Lausanne, Switzerland","\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Ncuroprosthetics, Chair in Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface (CNBI), Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042206244","display_name":"I\u00f1aki Iturrate","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7781-7826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Iturrate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Ncuroprosthetics, Chair in Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface (CNBI), Lausanne, Switzerland","\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Ncuroprosthetics, Chair in Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface (CNBI), Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050363894","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 del R. Mill\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5819-1522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. d. R. Millan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Ncuroprosthetics, Chair in Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface (CNBI), Lausanne, Switzerland","\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Ncuroprosthetics, Chair in Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface (CNBI), Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005928784","display_name":"Tom Carlson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9201-7798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802751111","display_name":"Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043j9bc42","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I4210118734"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Carlson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aspire Create, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science University College London Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK","\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aspire Create, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science University College London Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1493","last_page":"1498"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.9199148416519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7754781246185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6947054862976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6810190677642822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.586727499961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.42891210317611694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4168829023838043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4078579843044281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39940667152404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.1772858202457428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08539313077926636}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.9199148416519165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7754781246185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6947054862976074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6810190677642822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.586727499961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.42891210317611694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4168829023838043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4078579843044281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39940667152404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.1772858202457428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08539313077926636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2014.6974127","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974127","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1457515","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1457515/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"In: (pp. pp. 1493-1498). (2014)","raw_type":"Proceedings paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:200203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/200203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:200203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/200203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570780293","https://openalex.org/W1999296691","https://openalex.org/W2003352387","https://openalex.org/W2008285718","https://openalex.org/W2011671568","https://openalex.org/W2030633944","https://openalex.org/W2034312116","https://openalex.org/W2073892951","https://openalex.org/W2088169690","https://openalex.org/W2106047789","https://openalex.org/W2137897295","https://openalex.org/W2154037495","https://openalex.org/W6634153475"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202969339","https://openalex.org/W4237513258","https://openalex.org/W1994410349","https://openalex.org/W3177028067","https://openalex.org/W2965546495","https://openalex.org/W1913385466","https://openalex.org/W2386430105","https://openalex.org/W4389116644","https://openalex.org/W2153315159","https://openalex.org/W3196817267"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,12,33,40,72,87,102,117,142,158,196],"the":[2,15,18,26,30,34,38,41,48,55,70,85,109,115,118,128,139,156,159,167,188,194],"challenges":[3],"in":[4,17,61,74,108,144],"using":[5,150],"brain":[6,35],"computer":[7],"interfaces":[8],"over":[9,45],"extended":[10],"periods":[11],"time":[13,59,78],"is":[14,95],"uncertainty":[16,21,107],"system.":[19,119],"This":[20,94],"can":[22],"be":[23,171],"due":[24],"to":[25,53,106,122,164,186,192],"user's":[27,110],"internal":[28],"states,":[29],"non":[31],"stationarity":[32],"signals,":[36],"or":[37,173],"variation":[39,73],"class":[42],"discriminative":[43],"information":[44],"time.":[46],"Therefore,":[47],"users":[49],"are":[50,162],"often":[51],"unable":[52],"maintain":[54],"same":[56,140],"accuracy":[57],"and":[58,113,132],"efficiency":[60],"delivering":[62],"BCI":[63,75],"commands.":[64],"In":[65,120],"this":[66,124,182],"paper,":[67],"we":[68,126,137,161],"tackle":[69],"issue":[71,195],"command":[76],"delivery":[77,101],"for":[79],"a":[80,152],"motor":[81],"imagery":[82],"task":[83],"with":[84,175],"aim":[86],"providing":[88],"assistance":[89],"through":[90],"adaptive":[91],"shared":[92,189],"control.":[93],"important":[96],"mainly":[97],"because":[98],"having":[99],"long":[100,131,174],"mental":[103],"commands":[104],"leads":[105],"intent":[111],"classification":[112],"limits":[114],"responsiveness":[116],"order":[121],"address":[123],"issue,":[125],"separate":[127],"trials":[129,143],"into":[130],"short":[133,172],"groups":[134],"so":[135],"that":[136,149],"have":[138],"number":[141],"each":[145],"group.":[146],"We":[147],"demonstrate":[148],"only":[151],"few":[153],"samples":[154],"at":[155],"beginning":[157],"trial,":[160],"able":[163],"predict":[165],"whether":[166],"current":[168],"trial":[169],"will":[170],"high":[176],"accuracies":[177],"(70%":[178],"-":[179],"86%).":[180],"Eventually,":[181],"prediction":[183],"enables":[184],"us":[185],"tune":[187],"control":[190],"parameters":[191],"overcome":[193],"uncertainty.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}