{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1998632008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974096","title":"Classification of BGP anomalies using decision trees and fuzzy rough sets","display_name":"Classification of BGP anomalies using decision trees and fuzzy rough sets","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1998632008","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974096","mag":"1998632008"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2014.6974096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974096","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100380278","display_name":"Yan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8879-149X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43337087","display_name":"Hebei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p884a79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China","Hebei University,Baoding China)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei University,Baoding China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021797755","display_name":"Hong-Jie Xing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43337087","display_name":"Hebei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p884a79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong-Jie Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China","Hebei University,Baoding China)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei University,Baoding China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064830115","display_name":"Qiang Hua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9017-0043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43337087","display_name":"Hebei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p884a79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China","Hebei University,Baoding China)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei University,Baoding China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073006299","display_name":"Xizhao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6036-4728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43337087","display_name":"Hebei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p884a79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi-Zhao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China","Hebei University,Baoding China)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei University,Baoding China)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060502339","display_name":"Prerna Batta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prerna Batta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041939086","display_name":"Soroush Haeri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2462-4929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soroush Haeri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063188862","display_name":"Ljiljana Trajkovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2560-5394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ljiljana Trajkovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100380278"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43337087"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8777,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91418086,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1312","last_page":"1317"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/border-gateway-protocol","display_name":"Border Gateway Protocol","score":0.8333889245986938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7427371144294739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.6700118184089661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6480429172515869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/default-free-zone","display_name":"Default-free zone","score":0.6396951675415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.5844694375991821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5645784139633179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.562107264995575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5193215608596802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interior-gateway-protocol","display_name":"Interior gateway protocol","score":0.5161424875259399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48262128233909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.480047345161438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.45227086544036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.44018229842185974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree-learning","display_name":"Decision tree learning","score":0.43046295642852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3245849013328552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.24881288409233093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178086212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11155","display_name":"Border Gateway Protocol","level":5,"score":0.8333889245986938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7427371144294739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.6700118184089661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6480429172515869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101396714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3021187","display_name":"Default-free zone","level":5,"score":0.6396951675415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.5844694375991821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5645784139633179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.562107264995575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5193215608596802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52837422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431028","display_name":"Interior gateway protocol","level":5,"score":0.5161424875259399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48262128233909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.480047345161438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.45227086544036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44018229842185974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5481197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16766476","display_name":"Decision tree learning","level":3,"score":0.43046295642852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3245849013328552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.24881288409233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smc.2014.6974096","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smc.2014.6974096","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.698.5093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.698.5093","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www2.ensc.sfu.ca/%7Eljilja/papers/smc-2014.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26074071","https://openalex.org/W1489608533","https://openalex.org/W1619226191","https://openalex.org/W1984417397","https://openalex.org/W1994807229","https://openalex.org/W1999501864","https://openalex.org/W2002680690","https://openalex.org/W2014827534","https://openalex.org/W2015535581","https://openalex.org/W2053724458","https://openalex.org/W2061351406","https://openalex.org/W2076837108","https://openalex.org/W2078622091","https://openalex.org/W2094742068","https://openalex.org/W2111072639","https://openalex.org/W2111817166","https://openalex.org/W2117636524","https://openalex.org/W2135017202","https://openalex.org/W2137396323","https://openalex.org/W2145721479","https://openalex.org/W2148239836","https://openalex.org/W2149706766","https://openalex.org/W2157595416","https://openalex.org/W2163462010","https://openalex.org/W2184174835","https://openalex.org/W3172817222","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4236137412","https://openalex.org/W4255833381","https://openalex.org/W4300823823","https://openalex.org/W6601098373","https://openalex.org/W6629219271","https://openalex.org/W6640380507","https://openalex.org/W6686035115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2182380586","https://openalex.org/W2372838829","https://openalex.org/W2185566469","https://openalex.org/W2789964607","https://openalex.org/W1483211869","https://openalex.org/W2336009886","https://openalex.org/W2562018880","https://openalex.org/W2885726394","https://openalex.org/W2117058497","https://openalex.org/W2506906025"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Border":[0],"Gateway":[1],"Protocol":[2],"(BGP)":[3],"is":[4,29],"the":[5,9,54,77,101],"core":[6],"component":[7],"of":[8,34,103],"Internet's":[10],"routing":[11,14,35],"infrastructure.":[12],"Abnormal":[13],"behavior":[15],"impairs":[16],"global":[17],"Internet":[18,113],"connectivity":[19],"and":[20,24,80,90],"stability.":[21],"Hence,":[22],"designing":[23],"implementing":[25],"anomaly":[26],"detection":[27],"algorithms":[28],"important":[30],"for":[31,67,85],"improving":[32],"performance":[33,50],"protocols.":[36],"While":[37],"various":[38],"machine":[39,93],"learning":[40,56,92],"techniques":[41,59,95,109],"may":[42],"be":[43],"employed":[44,55],"to":[45,99],"detect":[46],"BGP":[47,105],"anomalies,":[48],"their":[49],"strongly":[51],"depends":[52],"on":[53],"algorithms.":[57],"These":[58],"have":[60],"multiple":[61],"variants":[62],"that":[63],"often":[64],"work":[65],"well":[66],"detecting":[68,104],"a":[69],"particular":[70],"anomaly.":[71],"In":[72],"this":[73],"paper,":[74],"we":[75],"use":[76],"decision":[78],"tree":[79,89],"fuzzy":[81],"rough":[82],"set":[83],"methods":[84],"feature":[86],"selection.":[87],"Decision":[88],"extreme":[91],"classification":[94],"are":[96,110],"then":[97],"used":[98],"maximize":[100],"accuracy":[102],"anomalies.":[106],"The":[107],"proposed":[108],"tested":[111],"using":[112],"traffic":[114],"traces.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
