{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415398851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm65349.2025.11204575","title":"Deep Learning-Enabled System Diagnosis in Microgrids: A Feature-Feedback GAN Approach","display_name":"Deep Learning-Enabled System Diagnosis in Microgrids: A Feature-Feedback GAN Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415398851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm65349.2025.11204575"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm65349.2025.11204575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm65349.2025.11204575","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095042076","display_name":"Swetha Rani Kasimalla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3152-2266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130704","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Dearborn","ror":"https://ror.org/035wtm547","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Swetha Rani Kasimalla","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Electrical and Computer Engineering,Dearborn,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Electrical and Computer Engineering,Dearborn,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109724042","display_name":"Kuchan Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130704","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Dearborn","ror":"https://ror.org/035wtm547","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuchan Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Electrical and Computer Engineering,Dearborn,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Electrical and Computer Engineering,Dearborn,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091327453","display_name":"Junho Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5035-8260"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130704","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Dearborn","ror":"https://ror.org/035wtm547","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junho Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan,Electrical and Computer Engineering,Dearborn,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan,Electrical and Computer Engineering,Dearborn,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003691332","display_name":"Young-Jin Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9207-9403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123900574","display_name":"Pohang University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04xysgw12","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young-Jin Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pohang University of Science and Technology,Electrical Engineering,Pohang,South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pohang University of Science and Technology,Electrical Engineering,Pohang,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123900574"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062350500","display_name":"Hyojong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4269-3047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153972","display_name":"Detroit R&D (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04z3gk160","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153972"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"HyoJong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["DTE Energy,Principal Specialist Engineer,Detroit,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DTE Energy,Principal Specialist Engineer,Detroit,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153972"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5095042076"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130704"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82629422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9753999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9753999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12451","display_name":"Smart Grid and Power Systems","score":0.9700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5289000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.490200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.4876999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.47450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.3190999925136566}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6037999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6018999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5289000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.49889999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.490200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.4876999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.47450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33570000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.3061000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38361682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756067","display_name":"Power-system protection","level":4,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.28369998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm65349.2025.11204575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm65349.2025.11204575","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335199","display_name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/02zq38y32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2795972899","https://openalex.org/W2904851779","https://openalex.org/W2906778230","https://openalex.org/W3003110015","https://openalex.org/W3202436090","https://openalex.org/W4312395355","https://openalex.org/W4385574922","https://openalex.org/W4385732484","https://openalex.org/W4385934320","https://openalex.org/W4388872522","https://openalex.org/W4392941682","https://openalex.org/W4403127492"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,142],"increasing":[1],"integration":[2],"of":[3],"inverter-based":[4,59],"resources":[5],"(IBRs)":[6],"and":[7,14,30,53,78,93,121,130,139,157,161],"communication":[8],"networks":[9],"has":[10],"brought":[11],"both":[12,159],"modernization":[13],"new":[15],"vulnerabilities":[16,23],"to":[17,27,84,96,128],"the":[18,25],"power":[19,165],"system":[20,26,91],"infrastructure.":[21],"These":[22],"expose":[24],"internal":[28,76],"faults":[29,77,132],"cyber":[31],"threats,":[32],"particularly":[33],"False":[34],"Data":[35],"Injection":[36],"(FDI)":[37],"attacks,":[38],"which":[39],"can":[40],"closely":[41],"mimic":[42],"real":[43],"fault":[44,52],"scenarios.":[45],"Hence,":[46],"this":[47],"work":[48],"presents":[49],"a":[50,148],"two-stage":[51],"cyberattack":[54],"detection":[55],"framework":[56,144],"tailored":[57],"for":[58],"microgrids.":[60,82],"Stage":[61,104],"1":[62],"introduces":[63],"an":[64],"unsupervised":[65],"learning":[66,108],"model\u2014":[67],"Feature-Feedback":[68],"Generative":[69],"Adversarial":[70],"Network":[71],"(F2GAN)\u2014to":[72],"distinguish":[73],"between":[74,137],"genuine":[75],"cyber-induced":[79],"anomalies":[80],"in":[81,155,164],"Compared":[83],"conventional":[85],"GAN":[86],"architectures,":[87],"F2GAN":[88],"demonstrates":[89],"improved":[90],"diagnosis":[92],"greater":[94],"adaptability":[95],"zero-day":[97],"attacks":[98],"through":[99],"its":[100],"feature-feedback":[101],"mechanism.":[102],"In":[103],"2,":[105],"supervised":[106],"machine":[107],"techniques,":[109],"including":[110],"Support":[111],"Vector":[112],"Machines":[113],"(SVM),":[114],"k-Nearest":[115],"Neighbors":[116],"(KNN),":[117],"Decision":[118],"Trees":[119],"(DT),":[120],"Artificial":[122],"Neural":[123],"Networks":[124],"(ANN)":[125],"are":[126],"applied":[127],"localize":[129],"classify":[131],"within":[133],"inverter":[134],"switches,":[135],"distinguishing":[136],"single-switch":[138],"multi-switch":[140],"faults.":[141],"proposed":[143],"is":[145],"validated":[146],"on":[147],"simulated":[149],"microgrid":[150],"environment,":[151],"illustrating":[152],"robust":[153],"performance":[154],"detecting":[156],"classifying":[158],"physical":[160],"cyber-related":[162],"disturbances":[163],"electronic-dominated":[166],"systems.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-30T09:15:22.047038","created_date":"2025-10-22T00:00:00"}