{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404037058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm60555.2024.10738095","title":"EnergAIze: Multi Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient for Vehicle-to-Grid Energy Management","display_name":"EnergAIze: Multi Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient for Vehicle-to-Grid Energy Management","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404037058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm60555.2024.10738095"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm60555.2024.10738095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm60555.2024.10738095","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027452032","display_name":"Tiago Fonseca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-3107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiago Fonseca","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC-TEC Porto,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC-TEC Porto,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086171744","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Lino Ferreira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5976-8853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Ferreira","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC-TEC Porto,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC-TEC Porto,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051421137","display_name":"Bernardo Pereira Cabral","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-1244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernardo Cabral","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC-TEC Porto,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC-TEC Porto,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021703873","display_name":"Ricardo Severino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4215-3238"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Severino","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC-TEC Porto,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC-TEC Porto,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005516592","display_name":"Isabel Pra\u00e7a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2519-9859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83863532","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/04988re48","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isabel Pra\u00e7a","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polytechnic of Porto - School of Engineering,Porto,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polytechnic of Porto - School of Engineering,Porto,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83863532"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8562,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86073462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"232","last_page":"237"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9573000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6286429762840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.6202029585838318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.5323361158370972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.45872825384140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.37469059228897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10247188806533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.06162700057029724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6286429762840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.6202029585838318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.5323361158370972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.45872825384140015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.37469059228897095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10247188806533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.06162700057029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm60555.2024.10738095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm60555.2024.10738095","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542941925","https://openalex.org/W2023577341","https://openalex.org/W2113146118","https://openalex.org/W2907773120","https://openalex.org/W2969583644","https://openalex.org/W2989127100","https://openalex.org/W2998187343","https://openalex.org/W2999946942","https://openalex.org/W3034272367","https://openalex.org/W3106664044","https://openalex.org/W3133628381","https://openalex.org/W3135730722","https://openalex.org/W3155917939","https://openalex.org/W3185658429","https://openalex.org/W4205948434","https://openalex.org/W4213321545","https://openalex.org/W4309855330","https://openalex.org/W4310815743","https://openalex.org/W4380046108","https://openalex.org/W4382365356","https://openalex.org/W4386067033","https://openalex.org/W6738796088","https://openalex.org/W6788702828","https://openalex.org/W6865199677","https://openalex.org/W7030171020"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1993039745","https://openalex.org/W1581129489","https://openalex.org/W2369252416","https://openalex.org/W2354768891","https://openalex.org/W4229332389","https://openalex.org/W1510108650","https://openalex.org/W2322968447","https://openalex.org/W2356819012"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,138,167],"rising":[1],"adoption":[2],"rates":[3],"and":[4,11,28,30,49,67,119,146,177],"integration":[5],"of":[6,110],"Renewable":[7,45],"Energy":[8,46],"Sources":[9],"(RES)":[10],"Electric":[12],"Vehicles":[13],"(EVs)":[14],"into":[15],"the":[16,23,87,164,181],"energy":[17,83,99,130,148],"grid":[18],"introduces":[19],"complex":[20],"challenges,":[21],"including":[22],"need":[24],"to":[25,105],"balance":[26],"supply":[27],"demand":[29],"smooth":[31],"peak":[32,172],"consumptions.":[33],"Addressing":[34],"these":[35],"challenges":[36],"requires":[37],"innovative":[38],"solutions":[39],"such":[40],"as":[41],"Demand":[42],"Response":[43],"(DR),":[44],"Communities":[47],"(RECs),":[48],"more":[50],"specifically":[51],"for":[52,186],"EVs,":[53],"Vehicle-to-Grid":[54],"(V2G).":[55],"However,":[56],"existing":[57],"V2G":[58],"approaches":[59],"often":[60],"fall":[61],"short":[62],"in":[63,171],"real-world":[64],"applicability,":[65],"adaptability,":[66],"user":[68],"engagement.":[69],"To":[70],"bridge":[71],"this":[72,74],"gap,":[73],"paper":[75],"proposes":[76],"EnergAIze,":[77],"a":[78,108,160],"Multi-Agent":[79,88],"Reinforcement":[80],"Learning":[81],"(MARL)":[82],"management":[84,100,112,131],"algorithm":[85],"leveraging":[86],"Deep":[89],"Deterministic":[90],"Policy":[91],"Gradient":[92],"(MADDPG)":[93],"algorithm.":[94],"EnergAIze":[95,156],"enables":[96],"user-centric":[97],"multi-objective":[98],"by":[101],"allowing":[102],"each":[103,125],"prosumer":[104,126],"select":[106],"from":[107],"range":[109],"personal":[111],"objectives.":[113,189],"Additionally,":[114],"it":[115],"architects\u2019":[116],"data":[117],"protection":[118],"ownership":[120],"through":[121,159],"decentralized":[122],"deployment,":[123],"where":[124],"can":[127],"situate":[128],"an":[129],"node":[132,140],"directly":[133],"at":[134,180],"their":[135],"own":[136],"dwelling.":[137],"local":[139,144],"not":[141],"only":[142],"manages":[143],"EVs":[145],"other":[147],"assets":[149],"but":[150],"also":[151],"fosters":[152],"REC":[153,182],"wide":[154],"optimization.":[155],"is":[157],"evaluated":[158],"case":[161],"study":[162],"using":[163],"CityLearn":[165],"framework.":[166],"results":[168],"show":[169],"reduction":[170],"loads,":[173],"ramping,":[174],"carbon":[175],"emissions,":[176],"electricity":[178],"costs":[179],"level":[183],"while":[184],"optimizing":[185],"individual":[187],"prosumers":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}