{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310584004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9960996","title":"OpenConduit: A Tool for Recreating Power System Communication Networks Automatically","display_name":"OpenConduit: A Tool for Recreating Power System Communication Networks Automatically","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310584004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9960996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9960996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9960996","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037030002","display_name":"Amarachi Umunnakwe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5411-7963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amarachi Umunnakwe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830","https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011204591","display_name":"Patrick Wlazlo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Wlazlo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830","https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080366268","display_name":"Abhijeet Sahu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7647-3758"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhijeet Sahu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830","https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087472630","display_name":"Julian Velasquez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Velasquez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830","https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019388047","display_name":"Katherine Davis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1603-1122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katherine Davis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830","https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018801116","display_name":"Ana Goulart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7184-7485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Goulart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830","https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059269246","display_name":"Saman Zonouz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-4047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91045830","display_name":"Texas A&M University","ror":"https://ror.org/01f5ytq51","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91045830"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saman Zonouz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas A&M University, except S. Zonouz, who is with Rutgers University.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91045830","https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037030002"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142","https://openalex.org/I91045830"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1206,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.42988761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"141","last_page":"147"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.8985926508903503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.8209786415100098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.7082505822181702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6327454447746277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5872588157653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.5112230777740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.47918570041656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.4526526629924774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.44638606905937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.43385520577430725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.41939225792884827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-architecture","display_name":"Network architecture","score":0.41378986835479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/replication","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","score":0.4133800268173218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3422642648220062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2742724120616913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25447896122932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2415476143360138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.21510571241378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.11438930034637451}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.8985926508903503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.8209786415100098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.7082505822181702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6327454447746277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5872588157653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.5112230777740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.47918570041656494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.4526526629924774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.44638606905937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.43385520577430725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.41939225792884827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.41378986835479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12590798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933199","display_name":"Replication (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4133800268173218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3422642648220062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2742724120616913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25447896122932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2415476143360138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.21510571241378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.11438930034637451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9960996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smartgridcomm52983.2022.9960996","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1514625012","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-OE0000895","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W560974501","https://openalex.org/W1982070413","https://openalex.org/W2039427951","https://openalex.org/W2044609945","https://openalex.org/W2072563916","https://openalex.org/W2127766871","https://openalex.org/W2165855437","https://openalex.org/W2330567702","https://openalex.org/W2991738949","https://openalex.org/W3029912254","https://openalex.org/W3172628103","https://openalex.org/W4238401128","https://openalex.org/W4252212565","https://openalex.org/W4286908676","https://openalex.org/W4292444934","https://openalex.org/W6777952219","https://openalex.org/W6801444165","https://openalex.org/W6801851197"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2883256816","https://openalex.org/W2171408034","https://openalex.org/W3003320923","https://openalex.org/W2176322038","https://openalex.org/W1970444427","https://openalex.org/W2050761665","https://openalex.org/W1975601996","https://openalex.org/W2168083929","https://openalex.org/W3089038912","https://openalex.org/W3123953333"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"daily":[1],"operations":[2],"of":[3,24,101,143,176,190,226],"critical":[4,31],"infrastructures":[5],"have":[6],"long":[7],"relied":[8],"upon":[9],"computer":[10],"networks.":[11],"Nevertheless,":[12],"these":[13],"networks":[14,42,105,166],"attract":[15],"adversarial":[16],"actions.":[17],"To":[18,83],"improve":[19],"the":[20,60,81,121,124,141,144,179,188,208],"security":[21,225],"and":[22,28,59,76,98,119,133,201],"resilience":[23],"electric":[25,102,151],"power":[26,103,219],"systems":[27,220],"other":[29],"cyber-physical":[30,138],"infrastructure,":[32],"there":[33,48],"is":[34,49,78,87,93],"a":[35,50,136,148,168,174],"crucial":[36],"need":[37],"to":[38,71,95,157,182],"study":[39,74],"their":[40,44],"communication":[41],"alongside":[43],"physical":[45],"systems.":[46],"However,":[47],"disconnect":[51],"between":[52,73],"network":[53,62,122,153],"models":[54],"used":[55,64],"by":[56],"research":[57],"groups":[58],"actual":[61],"topologies":[63],"in":[65,80,89,106,123,167,187],"industry.":[66],"These":[67],"modeling":[68],"differences":[69],"lead":[70],"discrepancies":[72],"results":[75],"what":[77],"attainable":[79],"field.":[82],"address":[84],"this,":[85],"OpenConduit":[86,92,110,180],"introduced":[88],"this":[90],"paper.":[91,145],"designed":[94],"achieve":[96],"automated":[97],"realistic":[99],"replication":[100],"system":[104,202,227],"an":[107],"emulation":[108,161,189,209],"environment.":[109,170],"interprets":[111],"industrial":[112],"networks'":[113],"configuration":[114,199],"data":[115],"(real":[116],"or":[117],"synthetic)":[118],"rebuilds":[120],"Common":[125],"Open":[126],"Research":[127],"Emulator":[128],"(CORE).":[129],"OpenConduit's":[130],"architecture,":[131],"design,":[132],"integration":[134],"into":[135],"large-scale":[137],"testbed":[139],"are":[140],"focus":[142],"Experiments":[146],"with":[147,198,218],"sample":[149],"synthetic":[150],"utility":[152,165],"show":[154],"its":[155],"ability":[156],"efficiently":[158],"enable":[159],"detailed":[160],"studies":[162],"for":[163,185],"real":[164],"safe":[169],"Finally,":[171],"experiments":[172],"on":[173],"range":[175],"cases":[177],"demonstrate":[178],"tool":[181],"be":[183,216],"effective":[184],"scalability":[186],"larger":[191],"networks,":[192],"as":[193,195],"well":[194],"achieving":[196],"conformity":[197],"files":[200],"settings":[203],"while":[204,222],"maintaining":[205],"functionality.":[206],"Additionally,":[207],"time":[210],"which":[211],"averages":[212],"59":[213],"seconds":[214],"can":[215],"integrated":[217],"operations,":[221],"upholding":[223],"information":[224],"data.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}