{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404238791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smacd61181.2024.10745446","title":"A 25 nW Heartbeat Monitoring Circuit for Wearable Applications in CMOS 65nm","display_name":"A 25 nW Heartbeat Monitoring Circuit for Wearable Applications in CMOS 65nm","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404238791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/smacd61181.2024.10745446"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/smacd61181.2024.10745446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smacd61181.2024.10745446","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 20th International Conference on Synthesis, Modeling, Analysis and Simulation Methods and Applications to Circuit Design (SMACD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083018960","display_name":"Rafael Vieira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8193-6577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Vieira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041353543","display_name":"Seyedehsomayeh Hatefinasab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7839-6939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyedehsomayeh Hatefinasab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060778711","display_name":"Ricardo Martins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8251-1415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Martins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056512471","display_name":"Nuno Horta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1687-1447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Horta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065716990","display_name":"Nuno Louren\u00e7o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-6435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Louren\u00e7o","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica&#x00E7;&#x00F5;es,Lisboa,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3532,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68283472,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9617000222206116,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9617000222206116,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9211999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heartbeat","display_name":"Heartbeat","score":0.8142743110656738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.764195442199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.6893652677536011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5990339517593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.4674939215183258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4266817569732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3672959804534912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3544180393218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26332738995552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.07572868466377258}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13852961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17021880","display_name":"Heartbeat","level":2,"score":0.8142743110656738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.764195442199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.6893652677536011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5990339517593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.4674939215183258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4266817569732666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3672959804534912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3544180393218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26332738995552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.07572868466377258}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/smacd61181.2024.10745446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smacd61181.2024.10745446","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 20th International Conference on Synthesis, Modeling, Analysis and Simulation Methods and Applications to Circuit Design (SMACD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027087041","https://openalex.org/W2088071167","https://openalex.org/W2112320278","https://openalex.org/W2183789002","https://openalex.org/W2782313632","https://openalex.org/W2801363213","https://openalex.org/W2804630818","https://openalex.org/W2886330784","https://openalex.org/W2886919245","https://openalex.org/W2931449386","https://openalex.org/W2945997721","https://openalex.org/W3049350454","https://openalex.org/W3157992652","https://openalex.org/W3183916301","https://openalex.org/W3213706674","https://openalex.org/W4323796689","https://openalex.org/W4385411971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3090300519","https://openalex.org/W2514492205","https://openalex.org/W4250401876","https://openalex.org/W2943851981","https://openalex.org/W2566526749","https://openalex.org/W3047461507","https://openalex.org/W3126390843","https://openalex.org/W4245880644","https://openalex.org/W4312415459","https://openalex.org/W2528680939"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,97,117,128],"new":[4],"analog":[5,43],"front-end":[6,27],"architecture":[7],"for":[8,20],"heartbeat":[9],"detection":[10,65,118],"at":[11],"the":[12,42,48,57,64,68,84,92,114],"circuit":[13,28],"level,":[14],"presenting":[15],"ultra-low":[16],"power,":[17],"thus":[18],"suitable":[19],"wearable":[21],"biomedical":[22],"and":[23,51,70,100],"healthcare":[24],"applications.":[25],"The":[26],"is":[29,87,94],"developed":[30],"in":[31,81],"$65-\\mathrm{nm}$":[32],"CMOS":[33],"to":[34,47,75,88],"detect":[35],"heartbeats":[36],"with":[37,111],"high":[38,98],"accuracy":[39,99,119],"directly":[40],"from":[41,127],"signal,":[44],"avoiding":[45],"converting":[46],"digital":[49],"domain":[50],"consuming":[52,123],"significantly":[53],"less":[54],"power":[55],"than":[56],"current":[58],"state-of-the-art.":[59],"After":[60],"an":[61,77],"initial":[62],"amplification,":[63],"system":[66,115],"detects":[67],"maximum":[69],"minimum":[71],"of":[72,120],"each":[73],"beating":[74],"set":[76],"appropriate":[78],"threshold,":[79],"while":[80,122],"parallel":[82],"delays,":[83],"input":[85],"signal":[86],"be":[89],"compared":[90],"after":[91],"threshold":[93],"set,":[95],"ensuring":[96],"noise":[101],"tolerance.":[102],"From":[103],"simulation":[104],"results":[105],"on":[106],"actual":[107],"wrist":[108],"electrocardiogram":[109],"data":[110],"different":[112],"characteristics,":[113],"shows":[116],"96%":[121],"only":[124],"25":[125],"nW":[126],"0.6":[129],"V":[130],"source.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
