{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2586419604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/slt.2016.7846299","title":"Dynamic adjustment of language models for automatic speech recognition using word similarity","display_name":"Dynamic adjustment of language models for automatic speech recognition using word similarity","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2586419604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/slt.2016.7846299","mag":"2586419604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/slt.2016.7846299","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/slt.2016.7846299","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057417152","display_name":"Anna Currey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121838","display_name":"Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/02vnf0c38","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720","https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127166","display_name":"Centre Inria de l'Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/03fcjvn64","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210127166"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Currey","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","Inria, Villers-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, Villers-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90183372","https://openalex.org/I4210121838"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073463405","display_name":"Irina Illina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2598-4643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121838","display_name":"Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/02vnf0c38","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720","https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127166","display_name":"Centre Inria de l'Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/03fcjvn64","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210127166"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irina Illina","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","Inria, Villers-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, Villers-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90183372","https://openalex.org/I4210121838"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046546502","display_name":"Dominique Fohr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121838","display_name":"Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/02vnf0c38","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210107720","https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I90183372"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127166","display_name":"Centre Inria de l'Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/03fcjvn64","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I4210127166"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90183372","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfs2w97","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90183372"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dominique Fohr","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","Inria, Villers-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121838","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inria, Villers-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127166"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine, LORIA, Vandoeuvre-l\u00e8s-Nancy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90183372","https://openalex.org/I4210121838"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9139389,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"426","last_page":"432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perplexity","display_name":"Perplexity","score":0.9110437631607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8758453130722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.7632027864456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.6593888998031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6589837074279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6570746302604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.6389523148536682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6037417650222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.579571008682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5512368679046631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.5286096930503845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1075458824634552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100279451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372193","display_name":"Perplexity","level":3,"score":0.9110437631607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8758453130722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.7632027864456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.6593888998031616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6589837074279785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6570746302604675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.6389523148536682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6037417650222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.579571008682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5512368679046631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5286096930503845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1075458824634552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/slt.2016.7846299","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/slt.2016.7846299","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49282310","https://openalex.org/W1521958654","https://openalex.org/W1524340867","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1631260214","https://openalex.org/W1932968309","https://openalex.org/W1983032739","https://openalex.org/W2100068632","https://openalex.org/W2135535719","https://openalex.org/W2226562530","https://openalex.org/W2264898703","https://openalex.org/W2396216106","https://openalex.org/W2403501951","https://openalex.org/W2950577311","https://openalex.org/W4297806265","https://openalex.org/W6636510571","https://openalex.org/W6636811518","https://openalex.org/W6693515496","https://openalex.org/W6711951891"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169518243","https://openalex.org/W2252095989","https://openalex.org/W4322096525","https://openalex.org/W2551914602","https://openalex.org/W4281893144","https://openalex.org/W2105076537","https://openalex.org/W2787311093","https://openalex.org/W2050138804","https://openalex.org/W2151348424","https://openalex.org/W1494910745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Out-of-vocabulary":[0],"(OOV)":[1],"words":[2,31,92],"can":[3],"pose":[4],"a":[5,109,135],"particular":[6],"problem":[7],"for":[8,63],"automatic":[9],"speech":[10],"recognition":[11,147],"(ASR)":[12],"of":[13,20],"broadcast":[14],"news.":[15],"The":[16,117],"language":[17,68,74],"models":[18,69,118],"(LMs)":[19],"ASR":[21,79],"systems":[22],"are":[23,36,45,51,100],"typically":[24],"trained":[25],"on":[26,88],"static":[27],"corpora,":[28],"whereas":[29],"new":[30,33],"(particularly":[32],"proper":[34,48,139],"nouns)":[35],"continually":[37],"introduced":[38],"in":[39,77,123,128,138,146],"the":[40,55,72,85,95,126,130,144],"media.":[41],"Additionally,":[42],"such":[43],"OOVs":[44,66],"often":[46],"content-rich":[47],"nouns":[49],"that":[50],"vital":[52],"to":[53,67,94,102,113,134],"understanding":[54],"topic.":[56],"In":[57],"this":[58],"work,":[59],"we":[60,119],"explore":[61],"methods":[62],"dynamically":[64],"adding":[65],"by":[70],"adapting":[71],"n-gram":[73],"model":[75],"used":[76,101],"our":[78],"system.":[80],"We":[81],"propose":[82,120],"two":[83],"strategies:":[84],"first":[86],"relies":[87],"finding":[89],"in-vocabulary":[90],"(IV)":[91],"similar":[93],"OOVs,":[96],"where":[97],"word":[98],"embeddings":[99],"define":[103],"similarity.":[104],"Our":[105],"second":[106],"strategy":[107],"leverages":[108],"small":[110],"contemporary":[111],"corpus":[112],"estimate":[114],"OOV":[115],"probabilities.":[116],"yield":[121],"improvements":[122],"perplexity":[124],"over":[125,143],"baseline;":[127],"addition,":[129],"corpus-based":[131],"approach":[132],"leads":[133],"significant":[136],"decrease":[137],"noun":[140],"error":[141],"rate":[142],"baseline":[145],"experiments.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}