{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2149481768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/slt.2008.4777873","title":"Continuous topic language modeling for speech recognition","display_name":"Continuous topic language modeling for speech recognition","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2149481768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/slt.2008.4777873","mag":"2149481768"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/slt.2008.4777873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/slt.2008.4777873","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088246266","display_name":"Chuang-Hua Chueh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3960-2748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuang-Hua Chueh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061908942","display_name":"Jen\u2010Tzung Chien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3466-8941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jen-Tzung Chien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5878,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80013456,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"193","last_page":"196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.746609091758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7287055253982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.7165185213088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.584099531173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.56556236743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-modelling","display_name":"Continuous modelling","score":0.5553398728370667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5464873909950256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n-gram","display_name":"n-gram","score":0.5288675427436829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5206189155578613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5132893919944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4987962245941162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topic-model","display_name":"Topic model","score":0.45969098806381226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.44194936752319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4318960905075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.4133809506893158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21563690900802612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.19397729635238647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.746609091758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7287055253982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.7165185213088989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.584099531173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.56556236743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10184394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165491","display_name":"Continuous modelling","level":2,"score":0.5553398728370667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5464873909950256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117884012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94489","display_name":"n-gram","level":3,"score":0.5288675427436829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5206189155578613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5132893919944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4987962245941162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171686336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532085","display_name":"Topic model","level":2,"score":0.45969098806381226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.44194936752319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4318960905075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.4133809506893158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21563690900802612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.19397729635238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/slt.2008.4777873","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/slt.2008.4777873","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21664255","https://openalex.org/W1644652583","https://openalex.org/W1880262756","https://openalex.org/W1934041838","https://openalex.org/W1970689298","https://openalex.org/W2024490156","https://openalex.org/W2107743791","https://openalex.org/W2118714763","https://openalex.org/W2129703168","https://openalex.org/W2132339004","https://openalex.org/W2161188302","https://openalex.org/W4233135949","https://openalex.org/W4237791300","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2250909759","https://openalex.org/W2532616038","https://openalex.org/W2787311093","https://openalex.org/W155946694","https://openalex.org/W1555968995","https://openalex.org/W4307474317","https://openalex.org/W2057384730","https://openalex.org/W2147879411","https://openalex.org/W2624072012","https://openalex.org/W2008468404"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Continuous":[0],"representation":[1],"of":[2,19,55],"word":[3,48,56,82],"sequence":[4,57],"can":[5,94],"effectively":[6],"solve":[7],"data":[8],"sparseness":[9],"problem":[10,32],"in":[11],"n-gram":[12,42],"language":[13,103,121],"model,":[14],"where":[15,58],"the":[16,24,52,59,71,76,98,106,118],"discrete":[17,47,81],"variables":[18],"words":[20,93],"are":[21,27],"represented":[22],"and":[23,75],"unseen":[25,92],"events":[26],"prone":[28],"to":[29,84],"happen.":[30],"This":[31],"is":[33,63,68,88],"increasingly":[34],"severe":[35],"when":[36],"extracting":[37],"long-distance":[38],"regularities":[39],"for":[40],"high-order":[41],"model.":[43,104,122],"Rather":[44],"than":[45],"considering":[46],"space,":[49],"we":[50,112],"construct":[51],"continuous":[53,66,85,100,109],"space":[54,83,87],"latent":[60,101],"topic":[61,72,86,102],"information":[62],"extracted.":[64],"The":[65,91],"vector":[67],"formed":[69],"by":[70],"posterior":[73],"probabilities":[74],"least-squares":[77],"projection":[78],"matrix":[79],"from":[80],"estimated":[89],"accordingly.":[90],"be":[95],"predicted":[96],"through":[97],"new":[99],"In":[105],"experiments":[107],"on":[108],"speech":[110],"recognition,":[111],"obtain":[113],"significant":[114],"performance":[115],"improvement":[116],"over":[117],"conventional":[119],"topic-based":[120]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}