{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2118344708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/siu.2014.6830294","title":"Evaluation of image descriptors in subspace-based classifiers for traffic sign recognition","display_name":"Evaluation of image descriptors in subspace-based classifiers for traffic sign recognition","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2118344708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/siu.2014.6830294","mag":"2118344708"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/siu.2014.6830294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/siu.2014.6830294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 22nd Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081307726","display_name":"Mustafa Ozdamar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51209816","display_name":"Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dzjez04","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51209816"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mustafa Ozdamar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Elektrik-Elektronik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi \u00dcniversitesi","Elektrik-Elektronik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi \u00dcniversit\u00e9s!"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Elektrik-Elektronik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi \u00dcniversitesi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51209816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Elektrik-Elektronik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi \u00dcniversit\u00e9s!","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51209816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078177427","display_name":"Rifat Edizkan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5125-5631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51209816","display_name":"Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dzjez04","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51209816"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rifat Edizkan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Elektrik-Elektronik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi \u00dcniversitesi","Elektrik-Elektronik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi \u00dcniversit\u00e9s!"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Elektrik-Elektronik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi \u00dcniversitesi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51209816"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Elektrik-Elektronik M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Eski\u015fehir Osmangazi \u00dcniversit\u00e9s!","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51209816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081307726"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51209816"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4481,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71555556,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"574","last_page":"577"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9724000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.8129321336746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.7944126725196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7866479754447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.7001753449440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-sign-recognition","display_name":"Traffic sign recognition","score":0.6691207885742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-sign","display_name":"Traffic sign","score":0.589097797870636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.5829244256019592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5671510696411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-congruency","display_name":"Phase congruency","score":0.5579963326454163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.5514734983444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-subspace-method","display_name":"Random subspace method","score":0.534121572971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5166788101196289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.48470211029052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.4801585078239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44739049673080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4347066581249237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-binary-patterns","display_name":"Local binary patterns","score":0.434164434671402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3705710172653198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2991489768028259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.28732120990753174}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.8129321336746216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.7944126725196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7866479754447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.7001753449440002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6528762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1574298","display_name":"Traffic sign recognition","level":4,"score":0.6691207885742188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983860417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170285","display_name":"Traffic sign","level":3,"score":0.589097797870636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.5829244256019592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5671510696411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777316791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105246","display_name":"Phase congruency","level":3,"score":0.5579963326454163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5514734983444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106135958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7291993","display_name":"Random subspace method","level":3,"score":0.534121572971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5166788101196289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.48470211029052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.4801585078239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44739049673080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4347066581249237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87335442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2494345","display_name":"Local binary patterns","level":4,"score":0.434164434671402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3705710172653198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2991489768028259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.28732120990753174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/siu.2014.6830294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/siu.2014.6830294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 22nd Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995290704","https://openalex.org/W2005205861","https://openalex.org/W2095887819","https://openalex.org/W2274211596","https://openalex.org/W2525938592","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6694296250","https://openalex.org/W6727334163"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4382897155","https://openalex.org/W4283820116","https://openalex.org/W4379231512","https://openalex.org/W4378699879","https://openalex.org/W3128164723","https://openalex.org/W4286647459","https://openalex.org/W2899819381","https://openalex.org/W2557202782","https://openalex.org/W3215426395","https://openalex.org/W4382176313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,99],"this":[1],"study,":[2,102],"the":[3,16,31,40,79,100,103,125,131,142],"performance":[4],"of":[5,52,124],"some":[6],"image":[7,47,68],"descriptors":[8,69],"in":[9,26,70],"traffic":[10,44,97,119],"sign":[11,45],"recognition":[12,122],"is":[13],"obtained":[14,140],"using":[15],"subspace-based":[17,126],"classifiers.":[18],"The":[19,34,73,112,121,135,148],"subspace":[20,80],"methods":[21],"make":[22],"both":[23],"dimension":[24],"reduction":[25],"feature":[27,35,74],"space":[28],"and":[29,60,90,107,117,145,153,158],"maximize":[30],"classification":[32,137,149],"rate.":[33],"vectors":[36,75],"are":[37,65,76,139,156],"extracted":[38],"from":[39],"images":[41],"containing":[42,105],"a":[43],"by":[46,78],"descriptors.":[48],"Gray":[49],"scale,":[50],"Histogram":[51],"Oriented":[53],"Gradients":[54],"(HOG),":[55],"Local":[56,61],"Binary":[57],"Patterns":[58],"(LBP),":[59],"Phase":[62],"Quantization":[63],"(LPQ)":[64],"used":[66],"as":[67],"our":[71],"study.":[72],"processed":[77],"methods,":[81],"Principle":[82],"Component":[83],"Analysis":[84,88],"(PCA),":[85],"Linear":[86],"Discriminant":[87],"(LDA),":[89],"Discriminative":[91],"Common":[92],"Vector":[93],"(DCV),":[94],"for":[95,141,151],"recognizing":[96],"signs.":[98,120],"experimental":[101],"database":[104,113],"triangular":[106,152],"circular":[108,154],"signs":[109,155],"was":[110],"used.":[111],"also":[114],"includes":[115],"shifted":[116],"rotated":[118],"performances":[123,138],"classifiers":[127],"were":[128],"compared":[129],"with":[130],"template":[132],"matching":[133],"method.":[134,147],"best":[136],"HOG":[143],"features":[144],"DCV":[146],"rates":[150],"98.38%":[157],"99.25%":[159],"respectively.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}