{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2064885009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sis.2013.6615178","title":"BFO-ICA based multi focus image fusion","display_name":"BFO-ICA based multi focus image fusion","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2064885009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sis.2013.6615178","mag":"2064885009"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sis.2013.6615178","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sis.2013.6615178","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE Symposium on Swarm Intelligence (SIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021901662","display_name":"Sanjay Agrawal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7966-1412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185065464","display_name":"Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02yghbg68","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, VSS University of Technology, Burla, India","Dept. of Electron. & Telecommun. Eng., VSS Univ. of Technol., Burla, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, VSS University of Technology, Burla, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Telecommun. Eng., VSS Univ. of Technol., Burla, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055595777","display_name":"Sarat K. Swain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-4375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185065464","display_name":"Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02yghbg68","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Swain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, VSS University of Technology, Burla, India","Dept. of Electron. & Telecommun. Eng., VSS Univ. of Technol., Burla, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, VSS University of Technology, Burla, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Telecommun. Eng., VSS Univ. of Technol., Burla, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017619312","display_name":"Lingraj Dora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-0792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185065464","display_name":"Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02yghbg68","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Dora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, VSS University of Technology, Burla, India","Dept. of Electr. & Electron. Eng., VSS Univ. of Technol., Burla, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, VSS University of Technology, Burla, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Electron. Eng., VSS Univ. of Technol., Burla, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021901662"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185065464"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9576,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75483191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"194","last_page":"199"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-component-analysis","display_name":"Independent component analysis","score":0.8534491062164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fastica","display_name":"FastICA","score":0.7905988097190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-fusion","display_name":"Image fusion","score":0.7545742988586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7389293313026428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6776277422904968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6401702165603638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6050918698310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5094748139381409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4619129002094269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4373207688331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blind-signal-separation","display_name":"Blind signal separation","score":0.29940640926361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09954619407653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.05162736773490906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51432778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259145","display_name":"Independent component analysis","level":2,"score":0.8534491062164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157709420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3739974","display_name":"FastICA","level":4,"score":0.7905988097190857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69744172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860822","display_name":"Image fusion","level":3,"score":0.7545742988586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7389293313026428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6776277422904968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6401702165603638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6050918698310852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5094748139381409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4619129002094269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4373207688331604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120317606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105967","display_name":"Blind signal separation","level":3,"score":0.29940640926361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09954619407653809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.05162736773490906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sis.2013.6615178","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sis.2013.6615178","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE Symposium on Swarm Intelligence (SIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W92138619","https://openalex.org/W112088159","https://openalex.org/W1498593340","https://openalex.org/W1767002640","https://openalex.org/W1970302834","https://openalex.org/W2122122715","https://openalex.org/W2123649031","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2157635806"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393267480","https://openalex.org/W2393502243","https://openalex.org/W2282293510","https://openalex.org/W2044700865","https://openalex.org/W2046761971","https://openalex.org/W2352390542","https://openalex.org/W2103029460","https://openalex.org/W2379345898","https://openalex.org/W2375875222","https://openalex.org/W2469259204"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,47],"presents":[2],"a":[3,33],"pixel":[4],"based":[5],"multi":[6],"focus":[7],"image":[8,57,70],"fusion":[9],"technique":[10],"using":[11,41,74],"independent":[12],"component":[13],"analysis":[14],"(ICA)":[15],"and":[16,38,67,83],"bacteria":[17],"foraging":[18],"optimization":[19],"(BFO)":[20],"algorithm.":[21],"The":[22,43,59,77],"basic":[23],"idea":[24],"here":[25],"is":[26,48,71,86],"to":[27,55],"obtain":[28],"the":[29,62,68],"ICA":[30,63],"bases":[31],"from":[32],"set":[34],"of":[35],"registered":[36],"images":[37,60],"optimize":[39],"them":[40],"BFO.":[42],"novelty":[44],"in":[45,61],"this":[46],"that":[49,88],"BFO-ICA":[50],"has":[51],"not":[52],"been":[53],"applied":[54],"multi-focus":[56],"fusion.":[58],"domain":[64],"are":[65,79],"fused":[66,69],"then":[72],"reconstructed":[73],"inverse":[75],"transform.":[76],"results":[78],"compared":[80],"with":[81,90],"FastICA":[82],"PSO-ICA.":[84],"It":[85],"observed":[87],"optimizing":[89],"BFO":[91],"yield":[92],"better":[93],"result.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}