{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416750207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sips66314.2025.11261302","title":"Beat Frequency Estimation for Tokamak Plasma Signals Using Microwave Reflectometry","display_name":"Beat Frequency Estimation for Tokamak Plasma Signals Using Microwave Reflectometry","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416750207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sips66314.2025.11261302"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sips66314.2025.11261302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sips66314.2025.11261302","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (SiPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087938468","display_name":"N Subramaniyan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148827","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Goa Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/046sh6j17","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148827","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subramaniyan N","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birla Institute of Technology and Science K K Birla Goa Campus Zuarinagar, Sancoale,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Goa,India,403726"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science K K Birla Goa Campus Zuarinagar, Sancoale,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Goa,India,403726","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038519638","display_name":"J.J.U. Buch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4421-4524"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092074","display_name":"Gujarat Institute of Development Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00e261632","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106276","display_name":"Institute for Plasma Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01hznc410","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I3149292468","https://openalex.org/I4210106276"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. J. U. Buch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Plasma Research Ahmedabad Rd, GIDC Bhat, Bhat,Ahmedabad,Gujarat,India,600020"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Plasma Research Ahmedabad Rd, GIDC Bhat, Bhat,Ahmedabad,Gujarat,India,600020","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092074","https://openalex.org/I4210106276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058050414","display_name":"A. Amalin Prince","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-9979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148827","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Goa Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/046sh6j17","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148827","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Amalin Prince","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birla Institute of Technology and Science K K Birla Goa Campus Zuarinagar, Sancoale,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Goa,India,403726"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science K K Birla Goa Campus Zuarinagar, Sancoale,Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Goa,India,403726","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003962621","display_name":"S.K. Pathak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2334-2455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092074","display_name":"Gujarat Institute of Development Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00e261632","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106276","display_name":"Institute for Plasma Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01hznc410","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I3149292468","https://openalex.org/I4210106276"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Surya K. Pathak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Plasma Research Ahmedabad Rd, GIDC Bhat, Bhat,Ahmedabad,Gujarat,India,600020"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Plasma Research Ahmedabad Rd, GIDC Bhat, Bhat,Ahmedabad,Gujarat,India,600020","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092074","https://openalex.org/I4210106276"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28998681,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.8712999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.8712999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.013000000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.01209999993443489,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tokamak","display_name":"Tokamak","score":0.7312999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma","display_name":"Plasma","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beat","display_name":"Beat (acoustics)","score":0.4823000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.47360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-diagnostics","display_name":"Plasma diagnostics","score":0.45179998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.383899986743927}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116515362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188589","display_name":"Tokamak","level":3,"score":0.7312999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189809214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829522","display_name":"Beat (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.4823000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.47360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4659000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43503373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7201771","display_name":"Plasma diagnostics","level":3,"score":0.45179998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.383899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.38370001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17010029","display_name":"Microwave imaging","level":3,"score":0.36160001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192039680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7201785","display_name":"Plasma parameters","level":3,"score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25570617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006462","display_name":"Hilbert\u2013Huang transform","level":3,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142757262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76436","display_name":"Doppler effect","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29265498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7047719","display_name":"Noise measurement","level":3,"score":0.27160000801086426}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sips66314.2025.11261302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sips66314.2025.11261302","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (SiPS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993538263","https://openalex.org/W1999823360","https://openalex.org/W2000982976","https://openalex.org/W2020687379","https://openalex.org/W2064450537","https://openalex.org/W2068341889","https://openalex.org/W2077754841","https://openalex.org/W2082583593","https://openalex.org/W2921658297","https://openalex.org/W2972841519","https://openalex.org/W3000589272","https://openalex.org/W3161845137","https://openalex.org/W4247048764","https://openalex.org/W4313594784","https://openalex.org/W4366780193","https://openalex.org/W4386420794","https://openalex.org/W4386886482","https://openalex.org/W4390402462","https://openalex.org/W4393377130","https://openalex.org/W4401566881"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tokamak":[0],"plasma":[1,12,30,47,96,119],"diagnostics":[2],"based":[3],"on":[4],"microwave":[5,27],"reflectometry":[6],"are":[7],"used":[8,101,111],"for":[9],"analysing":[10],"the":[11,18,35,54,62,68,94,114],"characteristics.":[13],"One":[14],"such":[15],"characteristic":[16],"is":[17,32,44,100,110],"radial":[19],"density":[20,69],"profile,":[21],"which":[22,67],"can":[23,71],"be":[24,58,72],"measured":[25],"using":[26,34],"reflectometry.":[28],"The":[29,41],"signal":[31,43,56],"acquired":[33,42,55],"Automated":[36],"Reflectometry":[37],"Diagnostics":[38],"instrument":[39],"(ARDI).":[40],"contaminated":[45],"by":[46],"turbulence":[48],"and":[49,84,118],"other":[50],"noise":[51],"sources.":[52],"Hence,":[53],"should":[57],"denoised":[59],"to":[60,92,102,112],"estimate":[61],"beat":[63],"frequency":[64],"($f_{b}$)":[65],"from":[66],"profile":[70],"measured.":[73],"This":[74],"paper":[75],"uses":[76],"a":[77],"combination":[78],"of":[79],"Variational":[80],"mode":[81],"decomposition":[82],"(VMD),":[83],"Maximal":[85],"overlap":[86],"discrete":[87],"wavelet":[88],"packet":[89],"transform":[90],"(MODWPT)":[91],"analyse":[93],"tokamak":[95],"signal.":[97],"Energy-based":[98],"thresholding":[99],"select":[103],"meaningful":[104],"Intrinsic":[105],"Mode":[106],"Functions":[107],"(IMFs).":[108],"MODWPT":[109],"identify":[113],"viewport,":[115],"back":[116],"wall":[117],"frequencies.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-11-28T00:00:00"}