{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385532576","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sera57763.2023.10197806","title":"Digital Twins of Smart Campus: Performance Evaluation Using Machine Learning Analysis","display_name":"Digital Twins of Smart Campus: Performance Evaluation Using Machine Learning Analysis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385532576","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sera57763.2023.10197806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sera57763.2023.10197806","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sera57763.2023.10197806","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE/ACIS 21st International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016979198","display_name":"Adamu Hussaini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4217-4509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adamu Hussaini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075280084","display_name":"Cheng Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-8512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026759570","display_name":"Yifan Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9700-5005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045320043","display_name":"Chao Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7517-2868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002139930","display_name":"Wei Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4522-7340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Towson University,Dept. of Computer & Information Sciences,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016979198"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8097,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86706142,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"132","last_page":"137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.984000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7338798642158508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5309545397758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.5013537406921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.49314063787460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.45463651418685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4402922987937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-environment","display_name":"Smart environment","score":0.4390670359134674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcontroller","display_name":"Microcontroller","score":0.41405731439590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.4137602746486664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41157108545303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.3462543487548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.2763042151927948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.21464109420776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2031899094581604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7338798642158508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5309545397758484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.5013537406921387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.49314063787460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.45463651418685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4402922987937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152223200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055471","display_name":"Smart environment","level":3,"score":0.4390670359134674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.41405731439590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.4137602746486664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41157108545303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.3462543487548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2763042151927948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.21464109420776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2031899094581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sera57763.2023.10197806","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sera57763.2023.10197806","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE/ACIS 21st International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Applications (SERA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570018622","https://openalex.org/W2562619077","https://openalex.org/W2596636257","https://openalex.org/W2730523305","https://openalex.org/W2750745056","https://openalex.org/W2768475350","https://openalex.org/W2902264868","https://openalex.org/W2902611338","https://openalex.org/W2948502305","https://openalex.org/W2982255332","https://openalex.org/W2994200381","https://openalex.org/W2997072997","https://openalex.org/W3013103056","https://openalex.org/W3015487859","https://openalex.org/W3020687048","https://openalex.org/W3090437903","https://openalex.org/W3096818947","https://openalex.org/W3124636507","https://openalex.org/W3127127463","https://openalex.org/W3128714328","https://openalex.org/W3158590963","https://openalex.org/W3183504846","https://openalex.org/W3196056995","https://openalex.org/W3207740732","https://openalex.org/W3216527022","https://openalex.org/W4200211902","https://openalex.org/W4205458993","https://openalex.org/W4213201928","https://openalex.org/W4283398256","https://openalex.org/W4295540370","https://openalex.org/W4312331384","https://openalex.org/W6800679484","https://openalex.org/W6805685444","https://openalex.org/W6842787224","https://openalex.org/W6888518153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4316095964","https://openalex.org/W2383001583","https://openalex.org/W2131084560","https://openalex.org/W2771395446","https://openalex.org/W3112038843","https://openalex.org/W3094215878","https://openalex.org/W2088310429","https://openalex.org/W3209836052","https://openalex.org/W3004173571","https://openalex.org/W2161641032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Internet":[1],"of":[2,67,82],"Things":[3],"(IoT)":[4],"paradigm":[5],"is":[6,185],"gradually":[7],"becoming":[8],"more":[9],"prevalent":[10],"through":[11],"numerous":[12],"devices":[13],"and":[14,22,37,39,50,92,126,198,209],"technologies,":[15],"including":[16],"sensors,":[17,42],"actuators,":[18],"microcontrollers,":[19],"cloud-enabled":[20],"services,":[21],"analytics.":[23],"IoT":[24,120],"objects":[25],"gain":[26],"intelligence":[27],"by":[28,48],"integrating":[29],"with":[30,94],"wireless":[31],"sensor":[32],"networks":[33],"(WSNs),":[34],"mobile":[35],"computing":[36],"communication,":[38],"others.":[40],"With":[41],"smart":[43,162],"things":[44],"can":[45,111,137],"be":[46,112,138],"enabled":[47],"monitoring":[49],"identifying":[51],"environmental":[52],"changes":[53],"related":[54],"to":[55,89,107,140,152,194,216],"motion,":[56],"temperature,":[57],"humidity,":[58],"pressure,":[59],"light,":[60],"vibration,":[61],"etc.":[62,130],"To":[63],"timely":[64],"keep":[65],"track":[66],"state":[68],"changes,":[69],"researchers":[70],"are":[71,170],"considering":[72],"developing":[73],"a":[74,87,108,173,206],"cyber":[75],"replicator,":[76],"denoted":[77],"as":[78,86],"Digital":[79],"Twin":[80],"(DT),":[81],"real":[83],"physical":[84],"systems":[85,97],"way":[88],"visualize,":[90],"model,":[91],"work":[93],"complex":[95],"cyber-physical":[96],"(CPS).":[98],"In":[99],"this":[100],"paper,":[101],"we":[102,204],"first":[103],"refine":[104],"the":[105,146,159,177,192,218],"dataset":[106,208],"format":[109],"that":[110,134,164,187],"easily":[113],"used":[114,139],"for":[115],"deep":[116],"learning":[117,182],"(DL)":[118],"experiments,":[119],"data":[121,124,128,136],"pipeline":[122],"development,":[123],"modeling":[125],"simulation,":[127],"aggregation,":[129],"We":[131],"then":[132],"demonstrate":[133],"DT":[135],"determine":[141],"space":[142],"occupancy":[143,154],"based":[144],"on":[145],"ambient":[147],"light":[148],"sensor,":[149],"which":[150],"tends":[151],"indicate":[153],"in":[155,180],"particular":[156],"spaces":[157],"because":[158],"building":[160],"has":[161,191],"lighting":[163],"will":[165],"switch":[166],"off":[167],"when":[168],"rooms":[169],"unoccupied":[171],"after":[172],"certain":[174],"time.":[175],"Given":[176],"apparent":[178],"developments":[179],"machine":[181,188],"technology,":[183],"it":[184],"clear":[186],"learning-based":[189],"prediction":[190],"ability":[193],"enhance":[195],"resource":[196],"utilization":[197],"further":[199],"forecast":[200,217],"future":[201],"events.":[202],"Particularly,":[203],"use":[205],"DT-based":[207],"Long-Short-Term":[210],"Memory":[211],"(LSTM)":[212],"neural":[213],"network":[214],"architecture":[215],"campus":[219],"building\u2019s":[220],"internal":[221],"temperature.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T14:57:38.498316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}