{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310880250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967351","title":"Encoded Image-Based Time Series Classification for Improving Colorimetric Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S)","display_name":"Encoded Image-Based Time Series Classification for Improving Colorimetric Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S)","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310880250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967351"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604906","display_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100772344","display_name":"Chang\u2010Hyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7112-6335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Hyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101895937","display_name":"Junyeop Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2132-3998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyeop Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101779516","display_name":"Jun-Kyu Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8912-5787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junkyu Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084802366","display_name":"Daewoong Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9864-4327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daewoong Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063505364","display_name":"Chang\u2010Woo Nam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Woo Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036687434","display_name":"Yuntae Ha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6496-2933"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuntae Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025489148","display_name":"Kwan Woo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7432-6949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwan Woo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026080534","display_name":"Sang Hyeok Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-2639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang Hyeok Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111039005","display_name":"Su Ji Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Su Ji Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","Kyungpook National University,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kyungpook National University,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091355368","display_name":"Sanghun Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-0296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanghun Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","Kyungpook National University,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Daegu,Republic of Korea","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kyungpook National University,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004980371","display_name":"Suwoong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2129-0601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89004649","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657","country_code":"KR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098","https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suwoong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Mechatronics R&#x0026;D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology,Daegu,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89004649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4891,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62129372,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9764999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12486","display_name":"Food Supply Chain Traceability","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-sulfide","display_name":"Hydrogen sulfide","score":0.7766138315200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5781723260879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5631173253059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.551797091960907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5461243391036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.5043379068374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.4921359419822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47066888213157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4212599992752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.18453389406204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.11998128890991211}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780564542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170591","display_name":"Hydrogen sulfide","level":3,"score":0.7766138315200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5781723260879517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5631173253059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.551797091960907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5461243391036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5043379068374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.4921359419822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47066888213157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4212599992752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.18453389406204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.11998128890991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518881349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682","display_name":"Sulfur","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/sensors52175.2022.9967351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604906","display_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Sensors","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8474053361","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KITECH EH-22-0004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322092","funder_display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322092","display_name":"Korea Institute of Industrial Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04qfph657"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081120483","https://openalex.org/W2325867572","https://openalex.org/W2330404741","https://openalex.org/W2793268137","https://openalex.org/W2797612288","https://openalex.org/W2799494318","https://openalex.org/W2892035503","https://openalex.org/W2904149583","https://openalex.org/W2922429109","https://openalex.org/W2963304300","https://openalex.org/W3010246639","https://openalex.org/W3042759737","https://openalex.org/W3094091610","https://openalex.org/W3101894793","https://openalex.org/W3116016856","https://openalex.org/W3174008960","https://openalex.org/W3209308485","https://openalex.org/W3212740359","https://openalex.org/W6745081244"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293226380","https://openalex.org/W2388018602","https://openalex.org/W2383159664","https://openalex.org/W2356773451","https://openalex.org/W2498851099","https://openalex.org/W237150780","https://openalex.org/W2038297699","https://openalex.org/W2622688551","https://openalex.org/W1550175370","https://openalex.org/W1990205660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,50],"study,":[2,35],"a":[3,10,33,57,94],"time":[4,37],"series":[5,78],"data":[6,39,67,79,115],"analysis":[7,60],"technique":[8,41],"using":[9,63,111],"convolutional":[11],"neural":[12],"network":[13],"(CNN),":[14],"that":[15,109],"performs":[16],"multidimensional":[17],"image":[18,113,128],"encoding,":[19],"is":[20,42],"used":[21],"to":[22,32,70,86,125],"improve":[23],"the":[24,36,54,88,126],"accuracy":[25],"of":[26,49,56,93],"hydrogen":[27,72,103],"sulfide":[28,73,104],"gas":[29,74,82,121],"detection.":[30],"According":[31],"recent":[34],"-series":[38],"image-encoding":[40],"effective":[43],"under":[44],"specific":[45],"conditions.":[46],"The":[47,106],"novelty":[48],"study":[51],"lies":[52],"in":[53,119],"use":[55],"time-series-based":[58],"colorimetric":[59,64],"method":[61],"developed":[62],"fabric":[65,96],"detection":[66],"from":[68],"sensors":[69],"estimate":[71],"exposure":[75,122],"levels.":[76],"Time":[77],"obtained":[80],"through":[81],"experiments":[83],"are":[84],"image-encoded":[85],"classify":[87],"color":[89],"value":[90],"change":[91],"trend":[92],"dyed":[95],"induced":[97],"by":[98],"its":[99],"chemical":[100],"reaction":[101],"with":[102],"gas.":[105],"results":[107],"show":[108],"learning":[110],"encoded":[112],"training":[114],"improves":[116],"model":[117],"performance":[118],"estimating":[120],"levels":[123],"compared":[124],"non-encoded":[127],"method.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}